Figure 4. Hazard ratio of death versus cohort characteristics.

Each circle corresponds to a cohort (data set). Circle sizes correspond to the square root of the number of observed deaths, because the statistical power of a Cox model is determined by the number of observed deaths. (A-C) The y-axis of each panel corresponds to the natural log of the hazard ratio (ln HR) of a univariate Cox regression model for all-cause mortality. Each panel corresponds to a different measure of epigenetic age acceleration (A) universal age acceleration, (B) intrinsic age acceleration, (C) extrinsic age acceleration. Panels (D-F) are analogous to those in A-C but the x-axis corresponds to the median age of the subjects at baseline (Table 1). The title of each panel reports the Wald test statistic (T) and corresponding p-value resulting from a weighted linear regression model (y regressed on x) where each point (data set) is weighted by the square root of the number of observed deaths. The dotted red line represents the regression line. The black solid line represents the line of identify (i.e., no association).