Figure 1.

Chronic BHB exposure inhibits glucose consumption by cultured astrocytes. (a) Expression of the glucose sensor FLII¹²Pglu700µΔ6 in astrocytes of mixed cortical cultures. Bar = 50 µm. (b) Rationale of the method to measure the rate of glucose consumption by monitoring cytosolic glucose in the presence of the GLUT blocker cytochalasin B (20 µM). (c) Measurement of glucose consumption rates of astrocytes exposed for 3 days to control conditions (gray symbols) or to 2 mM BHB (open symbols). Bars represent the average rates obtained in three separate experiments (20–30 cells per experiment).