Table 2. Representative factors that can be manipulated by different types of CRISPR genome editing technologies for brain tumor modeling.
| Factors | Role in tumorigenesis | Proposed CRISPR methods | Previous methods | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p53 (a) (b) | tumor suppression | CRISPR KO | CRISPR KO | [43, 44] |
| Nf1 (a) | tumor suppression | CRISPR KO | CRISPR KO | [44] |
| Pten (a) (b) | tumor suppression | CRISPR KO | CRISPR KO | [43, 44] |
| Ptch1 (c) | tumor suppression | CRISPR KO | CRISPR KO | [44] |
| Bmi1 (a) (d) | tumor facilitation | CRISPR KI | Bmi1 shRNA | [83, 84] |
| Met (e) | tumor facilitation | CRISPR KI | CRISPR KO | [85] |
| Notch1(a) | tumor facilitation | CRISPR KI | Notch1 siRNA | [86] |
| CDK6(a) | tumor facilitation | CRISPR KI | CDK6 shRNA | [87] |
| miR-10b(a) | tumor facilitation | CRISPRa | miR-10b mimics | [88] |
| TERT(e) | tumor facilitation | CRISPRa | CRISPRa | [90] |
| LSD1(f) | tumor facilitation | CRISPRa | CRISPRa | [90] |
| miR-218(a) | tumor suppression | CRISPRi | anti- miR-218 | [28] |
| miR-128(a) | tumor suppression | CRISPRi | anti-miR-128 | [91] |
Abbreviations: CRISPR KO: CRISPR knock out; CRISPR KI: CRISPR knock in; CRISPRa: CRISPR activation; CRISPRi: CRISPR interference.
Note: (a) glioma; (b) liver; (c) medulloblastoma; (d) breast cancer with brain metastases; (e) HEK293 cell line; (f) embryonic stem cell