Table 2.
Meta‐Analysis Results for Effect of Increase in Physical Activity Equivalent to Moving From Inactivity to Achieving Current Recommendations (11.25 MET h/week, for CVD Incidence and Mortality and T2DM Incidence—Assuming a 0.25 Power Transformation
| Condition (ICD‐10 Code) | No. of Contributing Studies | Total No. of Events | Adjusted for Body Weight | Not Adjusted for Body Weight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | I2 | RR (95% CI) | I2 | |||
| CVD incidence (I00–I99) | 5 | 6945 | 0.83 (0.77, 0.89) | 0.0% | 0.79 (0.72, 0.87) | 33.3% |
| CVD mortality (I00–I99) | 14 | 39 708 | 0.77 (0.71, 0.84) | 73.6% | 0.66 (0.52, 0.84) | 93.6% |
| Stroke incidence (I60–I69) | 9 | 13 599 | 0.82 (0.77, 0.87) | 0.0% | 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) | 3.1% |
| CHD incidence (I20–I25) | 6 | 12 655 | 0.80 (0.75, 0.86) | 0.0% | 0.77 (0.71, 0.83) | 0.0% |
| CHD mortality (I20–25) | 2 | 1022 | 0.80 (0.58, 1.09) | 59.1% | n/a | n/a |
| Heart failure incidence (I50) | 5 | 9457 | 0.81 (0.76, 0.86) | 0.0% | 0.75 (0.69, 0.82) | 0.0% |
| MI incidence (I21–22) | 2 | 6445 | 0.75 (0.62, 0.89) | 0.0% | n/a | n/a |
| T2DM incidence (E11) | 3 | 19 417 | 0.74 (0.72, 0.77) | 0.0% | 0.73 (0.68, 0.79) | 56.0% |
The various power transformations, namely, both linear and log linear associations, as well as power transformations of 0.25, 0.375, 0.50, and 0.75, are presented in Table 4 for the various outcomes. CHD indicates coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ICD, International Classification of Disease; MI, myocardial infarction; RR, relative risk; n/a, too few studies for a meta‐analysis; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.