Table 2.
Stratified Analysis and Heterogeneity Analysis of Relative Risks of Aborted SCA, Cardiac Death and Death From Any Cause Associated With ERP
| Factors Stratified | SCA | Cardiac Death | Death From Any Cause | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERP (+) (Events/Subjects) | ERP (−) (Events/Subjects) | RR (95% CI) | P Valuea | ERP (+) (Events/Subjects) | ERP (−) (Events/Subjects) | RR (95% CI) | P Valuea | ERP (+) (Events/Subjects) | ERP (−) (Events/Subjects) | RR (95% CI) | P Valuea | |
| All studies | 245/4436 | 1170/36 409 | 2.18 (1.29‐3.68) | 467/5502 | 5300/65 412 | 1.48 (1.06‐2.07) | 2591/10 973 | 43 309/280 364 | 1.21 (1.02‐1.42) | |||
| Type of studies | ||||||||||||
| Case‐control | 98/247 | 199/1011 | 3.09 (1.40‐6.79) | 0.04 | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Retrospective cohort | 120/2760 | 926/30 875 | 1.83 (1.12‐2.98) | 129/2087 | 2400/33 140 | 0.84 (0.56‐1.25) | 0.14 | 680/1955 | 6002/37 935 | 0.96 (0.72‐1.29) | 0.12 | |
| Prospective cohort | 27/1429 | 45/4523 | 1.28 (1.08‐1.52) | 338/3415 | 2900/32 272 | 1.74 (1.21‐2.49) | 1911/9018 | 37 307/242 429 | 1.28 (1.08‐1.53) | |||
| Patients, n | ||||||||||||
| ≦6000 | 125/1676 | 244/5534 | 2.77 (1.43‐5.36) | 0.10 | 178/3132 | 933/13 794 | 1.32 (0.76‐2.29) | 0.51 | 913/3683 | 2516/9572 | 1.27 (0.86‐1.88) | 0.96 |
| >6000 | 120/2760 | 926/30 875 | 1.28 (1.08‐1.52) | 289/2370 | 4367/51 618 | 1.75 (1.11‐2.75) | 1678/7290 | 40 793/270 792 | 1.20 (1.003‐1.43) | |||
| Levels of adjustmentsb | ||||||||||||
| − | 162/4310 | 1002/35 742 | 1.79 (1.53‐2.08) | 0.79 | 429/5201 | 4869/60 933 | 1.40 (0.98‐1.99) | 0.32 | 2365/9589 | 39 535/246 695 | 1.26 (1.04‐1.54) | 0.87 |
| + | 165/3954 | 986/28 166 | 1.47 (1.26‐1.72) | 418/5042 | 4856/59 931 | 1.30 (0.88‐1.92) | 2343/9430 | 39 480/245 693 | 1.03 (0.91‐1.16) | |||
| ++ | 183/2581 | 1057/24 042 | 1.80 (1.54‐2.10) | 338/2830 | 4811/57 099 | 1.88 (1.31‐2.70) | 1870/8301 | 40 882/272 051 | 1.17 (1.02‐1.34) | |||
| Follow up, y | ||||||||||||
| ≦15 | 1/264 | 11/7366 | 2.54 (0.33‐19.56) | 0.53 | 92/1388 | 2569/41 464 | 2.05 (1.11‐3.78) | 0.20 | 618/4993 | 30 930/243 141 | 1.32 (0.97‐1.80) | 0.53 |
| >15 | 146/3925 | 960/28 032 | 1.33 (1.13‐1.56) | 375/4114 | 2731/23 948 | 1.14 (0.74‐1.76) | 1793/5980 | 12 379/37 223 | 1.16 (0.91‐1.48) | |||
| Race | ||||||||||||
| Asian | 33/1696 | 76/11 965 | 2.01 (1.30‐3.10) | 0.01 | 114/1687 | 593/11 889 | 1.34 (0.41‐4.41) | 0.91 | 624/1423 | 2262/4523 | 0.85 (0.78‐0.93) | 0.81 |
| White | 32/995 | 68/3078 | 1.50 (1.08‐2.07) | 304/2024 | 3998/41 610 | 2.19 (1.29‐3.73) | 687/2192 | 11 510/54 845 | 1.18 (1.03‐1.35) | |||
| African American | 95/1619 | 860/20 699 | 0.82 (0.52‐1.30) | 10/241 | 195/3644 | 0.75 (0.32‐1.79) | 327/995 | 1056/3078 | 0.96 (0.83‐1.10) | |||
| Age, y | ||||||||||||
| ≦45 | 154/868 | 915/11 169 | 2.47 (1.06‐5.75) | 0.55 | 186/1879 | 1875/14 024 | 1.17 (0.83‐1.64) | 0.35 | 520/1879 | 5895/14 024 | 1.13 (1.03‐1.24) | 0.54 |
| >45 | 91/3568 | 255/25 240 | 1.56 (1.11‐2.20) | 281/3623 | 3425/51 388 | 1.79 (1.04‐3.08) | 2015/8562 | 33 674/232 928 | 1.29 (1.004‐1.65) | |||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Men | 62/1822 | 142/7497 | 1.59 (1.15‐2.20) | 0.73 | 80/818 | 365/5924 | 2.92 (1.84‐4.61) | 0.40 | 553/2374 | 3 719/20 269 | 1.14 (0.87‐1.50) | 0.34 |
| Women | 21/823 | 84/10 975 | 2.75 (1.88‐4.04) | 33/459 | 230/7841 | 4.77 (1.66‐13.68) | 212/1037 | 4439/32 817 | 1.85 (0.96‐3.58) | |||
| Publication year | ||||||||||||
| ≦2010 | 154/868 | 915/11 169 | 1.38 (1.14‐1.66) | 0.12 | 246/1442 | 2242/15 635 | 1.45 (0.91‐2.31) | 0.65 | 667/1442 | 6982/15 635 | 1.34 (0.85‐2.10) | 0.50 |
| >2010 | 91/3568 | 255/25 240 | 3.10 (1.23‐7.83) | 221/4060 | 3058/49 777 | 1.89 (0.75‐4.73) | 1924/9531 | 36 327/264 729 | 1.19 (0.97‐1.47) | |||
ERP indicates early repolarization pattern; RR indicates relative risk; SCA, sudden cardiac arrest.
a
P‐values test homogeneity between strata.
b
Levels of adjustment in multivariate models: −, not adjusted for any confounding factors; +, adjusted for conventional confounding factors (ie, age, sex); ++, further adjusted by potential cardiovascular risk factors (ie, body mass index, cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension; smoking, heart rate, and history of coronary heart disease).