Table 4.
Incidence Densities of Death Between the PH Patients and the Matched Controls
| Characteristic | PH | Control | IRR (95% CI) | P‐Valueb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Death, n (%) | PY | Ratea | N | Death, n (%) | PY | Rate | |||
| All | 1092 | 339 (56.45) | 6005.42 | 56.45 | 8736 | 1083 (18.51) | 58 507.56 | 18.51 | 3.04 (2.69–3.44) | <0.0001 |
| Age, y | ||||||||||
| <50 | 320 | 34 (10.63) | 2250.86 | 15.11 | 2412 | 22 (0.91) | 18 558.53 | 1.19 | 12.74 (7.45–21.78) | <0.0001 |
| 50 to 64 | 217 | 63 (29.03) | 1126.75 | 55.91 | 1775 | 89 (5.01) | 11 551.37 | 7.7 | 7.26 (5.26–10.02) | <0.0001 |
| ≥65 | 555 | 242 (43.60) | 2627.81 | 92.09 | 4549 | 972 (21.37) | 28 397.65 | 34.23 | 2.68 (2.33–3.09) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 479 | 175 (36.53) | 2610.99 | 67.02 | 3763 | 627 (16.66) | 25 568.21 | 24.52 | 2.73 (2.31–3.23) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 613 | 164 (26.75) | 3394.43 | 48.31 | 4973 | 456 (9.17) | 32 939.35 | 13.84 | 3.47 (2.90–4.15) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||||||
| Hypertension | 431 | 166 (38.52) | 2042.64 | 81.27 | 3633 | 687 (18.91) | 21 705.43 | 31.65 | 2.57 (2.17–3.04) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 197 | 75 (38.07) | 935.64 | 80.16 | 1627 | 367 (22.56) | 10 105.88 | 36.32 | 2.21 (1.72–2.83) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 84 | 19 (31.75) | 340.58 | 55.79 | 645 | 67 (10.39) | 3342.9 | 20.04 | 2.78 (1.67–4.63) | <0.0001 |
| CAD | 230 | 89 (38.70) | 1152.04 | 77.25 | 1715 | 361 (21.05) | 10 358.37 | 34.85 | 2.22 (1.76–2.80) | <0.0001 |
| Follow‐up | ||||||||||
| 0 to 6 months | 1092 | 95 (8.70) | 507.40 | 187.23 | 8736 | 71 (0.81) | 4278.16 | 16.60 | 11.28 (8.30–15.34) | <0.0001 |
| 6 to 12 months | 960 | 35 (3.65) | 462.19 | 75.73 | 8355 | 65 (0.78) | 4092.34 | 15.88 | 4.77 (3.16–7.19) | <0.0001 |
| 1 to 2 years | 890 | 49 (5.50) | 827.24 | 59.23 | 7990 | 159 (1.99) | 7593.58 | 20.94 | 2.83 (2.05–3.90) | <0.0001 |
| ≥2 years | 772 | 160 (20.73) | 4208.59 | 38.02 | 7217 | 788 (10.92) | 42 543.47 | 18.52 | 2.05 (1.73–2.43) | <0.0001 |
CAD indicates coronary artery disease; IRR, incidence rate ratio; PH, pulmonary hypertension; PY, person‐years.
a
Rate per 1000 person‐years.
b
P‐values were calculated based on the χ2 test.