Table 2.
Clinical Characteristics of Adult Fontan Patients
| All Fontan (n=170) | Control (n=170) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age at echocardiogram, y | 26±8 | 26±8 |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 75 (44) | 75 (44) |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.75±0.21 | 1.79±0.23 |
| Interval from Fontan, y | 12.4±7.7 | NA |
| RAS antagonist, n (%) | 60 (35) | 0 |
| Beta‐blocker, n (%) | 25 (15) | 0 |
| Current arrhythmia evaluation, n (%) | 45 (26) | 0 |
| Rhythm (n=169), n (%) | ||
| Sinus | 107 (63) | 170 (100) |
| Paroxysmal AF or SVT | 17 (10) | |
| Persistent AF | 8 (5) | |
| Junctional rhythm | 14 (8) | |
| Paced | 23 (14) | |
| Global clinical status (n=169), n (%) | NA | |
| Stable | 130 (77) | |
| Impaired | 39 (23) | |
| Fontan obstruction, n (%) | NA | |
| None | 164 (97) | |
| Present (2 mild, 3 >mild) | 5 (3) | |
| Protein losing enteropathy, n (%) | 15 (9) | NA |
| Needing interventions | 10 (6) | |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 6 (4) | NA |
| Needing interventions | 2 (1) | |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | NA | |
| None | 139 (82) | |
| Present (24 mild, 7 more than mild) | 31 (18) | |
| Fatigue n (%) | NA | |
| None | 129 (76) | |
| Present | 41 (24) | |
| Edema n (%) | NA | |
| None | 155 (91) | |
| Present (13 mild, 2 more than mild) | 15 (9) | |
AF indicates atrial flutter/fibrillation; NA, not applicable; RAS antagonist, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin blocker; SVT, supraventricular tachycardia.