The mean fractional anisotropies (FA) values of the patient with high-pressure hydrocephalus and controls. The error bars represent the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the group means. Pre, preshunt; Post, postshunt; Con, control group. The FA values of the 4 regions, R-OHLV (occipital horn of the lateral ventricles), L-OHLV, R-FHLV (lateral ventricle), and L-FHLV, increased after treatment. The results of intergroup and intragroup statistical analysis are shown as follows: the FA values of R-OHLV were significantly different between the controls and the patients with hydrocephalus before treatment. However, the FA values of R-OHLV were similar between the controls and the patients after treatment. Moreover, the FA values of R-OHLV in the patients with hydrocephalus were significantly different before and after treatment. The FA values of L-OHLV were markedly different between the controls and the patients with hydrocephalus before treatment. However, the FA values of L-OHLV were similar between the controls and the patients after treatment. Moreover, the FA values of L-OHLV in the patients with hydrocephalus were significantly different before and after treatment. The FA values of R-FHLV were significantly different between the controls and the patients with hydrocephalus before treatment. However, the FA values of R-FHLV were similar between the controls and the patients after treatment. The FA values of R-FHLV in the patients with hydrocephalus were similar before and after treatment. The FA values of L-FHLV were significantly different between the controls and the patients with hydrocephalus before treatment. However, the FA values of L-FHLV were similar between the controls and the patients after treatment. The FA values of L-FHLV in the patients with hydrocephalus were similar before and after treatment. ∗P < 0.05; ∗∗P < 0.01; ∗∗∗P < 0.001.