Figure 2.

(A) Snapshot from a MC simulation with parallel and planar membranes. (B) and (C) Ratio ${\displaystyle K_{2\mathrm{D}}/K_{3\mathrm{D}}}$ of the binding constants of membrane-anchored and soluble receptors and ligands versus local membrane separation l for different anchoring strengths ${\displaystyle k_a}$ and complex lengths ${\displaystyle L_0}$ of the receptors and ligands of our elastic-membrane model of biomembrane adhesion. The data points represent MC data, and the lines theoretical results based on Eqs. (7) and (8). The binding constant ${\displaystyle K_{3\mathrm{D}}}$ of soluble variants of the receptors and ligand is determined by the binding potential of the receptors and ligands and does not depend on the complex length ${\displaystyle L_0}$.