Table 2.

Effect of dapagliflozin and placebo treatment on glucose and lipid oxidation and energy expenditure following an overnight fast and during the insulin clamp

Substrate oxidation rate	Baseline	Placebo treatment	P value	Baseline	Dapagliflozin treatment	P value
Fasting state
Fasting GOx (mg/min ⋅ kg)	0.81 ± 0.10	0.89 ± 0.08	NS	1.01 ± 0.22	0.80 ± 0.19	0.03
Fasting LOx (mg/min ⋅ kg)	2.06 ± 0.15	1.89 ± 0.10	NS	2.48 ± 0.21	2.82 ± 0.24	0.05
RQ	0.78 ± 0.01	0.80 ± 0.01	NS	0.79 ± 0.2	0.76 ± 0.01	0.03
Energy expenditure (cal/min ⋅ kg)	1.06 ± 0.1	1.0 ± 0.1	NS	1.3 ± 0.1	1.34 ± 0.1	NS
Insulin infusion
Clamp GOx (mg/min ⋅kg)	1.11 ± 0.29	1.46 ± 0.31	NS	1.36 ± 0.16	0.62 ± 0.16	<0.001
Clamp LOx (mg/min ⋅ kg)	1.89 ± 0.08	1.81 ± 0.12	NS	2.39 ± 0.15	2.57 ± 0.10	<0.01
NOGD (mg/min ⋅ kg)	1.95 ± 0.58	1.78 ± 1.00	NS	2.74 ± 0.59	4.74 ± 0.52	<0.001
RQ	0.82 ± 0.01	0.85 ± 0.01	NS	0.82 ± 0.2	0.76 ± 0.01	0.02

GOx, glucose oxidation; LOx, lipid oxidation; NOGD, nonoxidative glucose disposal.