Table 1.
Baseline participant characteristics (N = 14,455)
| Without lung disease (n = 11,810) |
With lung disease (n = 2,645) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Non-DM (n = 9,510) | DM (n = 2,300) | Non-DM (n = 1,986) | DM (n = 659) |
| Age (years) | 38.5 (38.0–39.0) | 53.7 (52.8–54.6) | 39.3 (38.4–40.2) | 53.8 (52.3–55.2) |
| Female (%) | 50.1 (48.9–51.4) | 52.3 (51.7–53.0) | 58.2 (55.8–60.6) | 63.4 (61.9–64.8) |
| Ethnicity (%) | ||||
| Mexican | 41.6 (38.6–44.6) | 40.5 (39.5–41.4) | 19.8 (17.1–22.5) | 22.3 (21.1–23.5) |
| Cuban | 18.6 (16.0–21.2) | 20.5 (19.9–21.2) | 24.5 (20.7–28.3) | 24.7 (23.4–26.0) |
| Puerto Rican | 11.9 (10.8–13.0) | 14.4 (13.9–14.9) | 31.5 (28.4–34.7) | 37.3 (35.9–38.7) |
| Dominican | 10.0 (8.7–11.2) | 10.3 (9.8–10.7) | 10.0 (8.1–11.9) | 7.9 (6.8–9.1) |
| Central American | 8.1 (7.0–9.2) | 7.5 (6.9–8.1) | 5.0 (4.1–6.0) | 4.0 (3.6–4.3) |
| South American | 5.7 (5.0–6.4) | 3.7 (3.4–4.1) | 3.6 (2.8–4.4) | 1.7 (1.3–2.1) |
| Other or mixed | 4.1 (3.5–4.7) | 3.0 (2.7–3.4) | 5.5 (4.4–6.7) | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) |
| Height (cm) | 164.0 (163.7–164.3) | 162.1 (161.5–162.7) | 164.0 (163.3–164.6) | 161.0 (160.2–161.8) |
| WC (cm) | 95.3 (94.8–95.7) | 104.2 (103.4–105.0) | 98.8 (97.5–100.0) | 108.5 (106.8–110.1) |
| Smoking (pack-years) | 4.1 (3.8–4.5) | 7.4 (6.6–8.3) | 6.4 (5.6–7.2) | 14.5 (11.7–17.3) |
| HF (%) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 3.9 (3.7–4.1) | 1.8 (1.2–2.4) | 7.6 (6.9–8.4) |
| CAD (%) | 3.01 (2.46–3.56) | 12.42 (10.16–14.69) | 4.39 (3.22–5.56) | 12.73 (9.59–15.88) |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.3 (3.1–3.5) | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) | 4.6 (4.1–5.2) | 7.3 (6.3–8.3) |
| FEV1 (L) | 3.2 (3.2–3.2) | 2.6 (2.6–2.7) | 3.0 (2.9–3.0) | 2.2 (2.2–2.3) |
| FVC (L) | 3.9 (3.9–4.0) | 3.3 (3.2–3.4) | 3.7 (3.7–3.8) | 2.9 (2.8–3.0) |
| Dyspnea score | 0.56 (0.52–0.60) | 1.06 (0.96–1.16) | 1.36 (1.23–1.50) | 2.64 (2.42–2.85) |
Data are mean (95% CI). Values are weighted for study design and nonresponse.