Table 1.
Prevalence of very short, short, adequate and long sleep for participant sociodemographic and cardiometabolic characteristics.
| Sleep | Very short | Short | Adequate | Long | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Total sample N = 439 933 |
<5 h N = 4691 | 5–6 h N = 103 435 | 7–8 h N = 297 914 | ≥9 h N = 33 893 | |
|
| |||||
| n (XX, xx) | n (XX, xx) | n (XX, xx) | n (XX, xx) | n (XX, xx) | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Age^ | |||||
| <50 | 102 949 (23.4) | 1021 (21.8, 0.2) | 23 243 (22.5, 5.3) | 72 579 (24.4, 16.5) | 6106 (18.0, 1.4) |
| 50–69 | 334 850 (76.1) | 3654 (77.9, 0.8) | 79 724 (77.1, 18.1) | 223 923 (75.2, 50.9) | 27 549 (81.3, 6.3) |
| ≥70 | 2134 (0.5) | 16 (0.3, 0) | 468 (0.5, 0.1) | 1412 (0.5, 0.3) | 238 (0.7, 0.1) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 245 079 (55.7) | 2745 (58.5, 0.6) | 56 431 (54.6, 12.8) | 166 452 (55.9, 37.8) | 19 451 (57.4, 4.4) |
| Male | 194 854 (44.3) | 1946 (41.5, 0.4) | 47 004 (45.4, 10.7) | 131 462 (44.1, 29.9) | 14 442 (42.6, 3.3) |
| Ethnic group | |||||
| Mixed/other | 6298 (1.4) | 141 (3.0, 0.03) | 1976 (1.9, 0.5) | 3718 (1.2, 0.9) | 463 (1.4, 0.1) |
| Asian | 9597 (2.2) | 169 (3.6, 0.04) | 2698 (2.6, 0.6) | 5992 (2.0, 1.4) | 738 (2.2, 0.2) |
| Black | 6601 (1.5) | 263 (5.6, 0.06) | 2741 (2.6, 0.6) | 3172 (1.1, 0.7) | 425 (1.3, 0.1) |
| White | 416 106 (94.6) | 4658 (87.1, 1.1) | 95 645 (92.5, 21.8) | 284 224 (95.4, 64.8) | 32 152 (94.9, 7.3) |
| Employment | |||||
| Unemployed | 35 829 (8.1) | 1207 (26.1, 0.3) | 9123 (8.8, 2.1) | 20 507 (6.9, 4.7) | 4992 (14.7, 1.1) |
| Retired | 146 531 (33.3) | 1547 (33.0, 0.4) | 30 121 (29.1, 6.9) | 97 787 (32.8, 22.4) | 17 076 (50.4, 3.9) |
| Employed | 253 835 (57.7) | 1869 (39.8, 0.4) | 63 254 (61.2, 14.5) | 177 240 (59.5, 40.6) | 11 472 (33.8, 2.6) |
| Attended college | |||||
| Yes | 142 955 (32.5) | 777 (16.6, 0.2) | 29 927 (28.9, 8.3) | 103 936 (34.9, 28.7) | 8315 (24.5, 2.3) |
| No | 218 815 (49.7) | 2220 (47.3, 0.6) | 52 525 (50.8, 14.5) | 147 599 (49.5, 40.8) | 16 471 (48.6, 4.6) |
| Shift work | |||||
| Yes | 43 073 (9.9) | 578 (12.3, 0.1) | 13 474 (13.2, 3.1) | 26 731 (9.1, 6.1) | 2290 (6.8, 0.5) |
| No | 392 597 (90.1) | 4031 (1.0, 0.9) | 88 897 (22.6, 20.4) | 268 462 (68.3, 61.6) | 31 207 (8.0, 7.2) |
| Night-shift work | |||||
| Yes | 21 695 (5.0) | 352 (7.6, 0.1) | 7411 (7.2, 1.7) | 12 783 (4.3, 2.9) | 1149 (3.4, 0.3) |
| No | 414 241 (95.0) | 4264 (92.4, 1.0) | 95 030 (92.8, 21.8) | 282 579 (95.6, 64.8) | 32 368 (96.6, 7.4) |
| Sleep behavior characteristics | |||||
| Chronotype | |||||
| Definitely morning | 119 110 (27.1) | 1647 (35.1, 0.4) | 32 023 (31.0, 7.3) | 77 126 (25.9, 17.5) | 8314 (24.5, 1.9) |
| More morning than evening | 156 149 (35.5) | 1295 (27.6, 0.3) | 33 845 (32.7, 7.7) | 109 841 (36.9, 25.0) | 11 168 (33.0, 2.5) |
| More evening than morning | 125 117 (28.4) | 1113 (23.7, 0.3) | 26 884 (26.0, 6.1) | 86 596 (29.1, 1, 9.7) | 10 524 (31.1, 2.4) |
| Definitely evening | 39 557 (9.0) | 636 (13.6, 0.1) | 10 683 (10.3, 2.4) | 24 351 (8.2, 5.5) | 3887 (11.5, 0.9) |
| Ease of getting up in the morning | |||||
| Not at all easy | 17 288 (3.9) | 621 (13.2, 0.1) | 4865 (4.7, 1.1) | 8986 (3.0, 2.0) | 2816 (8.3, 0.6) |
| Not very easy | 62 604 (14.2) | 880 (18.8, 0.2) | 15 360 (14.9, 9.2) | 40 379 (13.6, 9.2) | 5985 (17.7, 1.4) |
| Fairly easy | 217 511 (49.4) | 1475 (31.6, 0.3) | 47 234 (45.7, 10.8) | 153 592 (51.6, 34.9) | 15 210 (44.9, 3.5) |
| Very easy | 142 181 (32.3) | 1697 (36.3, 0.4) | 35 846 (34.7, 8.2) | 94 788 (31.8, 21.7) | 9850 (29.1, 2.2) |
| Cardiometabolic characteristics | |||||
| BMI^^ | |||||
| <18.5 | 2305 (0.5) | 34 (0.7, 0.01) | 571 (0.6, 0.1) | 1506 (0.5, 0.3) | 194 (0.6, 0.04) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 143 441 (32.6) | 1187 (25.3, 0.3) | 30 498 (29.5, 6.9) | 102 253 (34.3, 23.2) | 9503 (28.0, 2.2) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 186 566 (42.4) | 1728 (36.8, 0.4) | 43 065 (41.6, 9.8) | 127 674 (42.9, 29.0) | 14 099 (41.6, 3.2) |
| ≥30 | 107 621 (24.5) | 1742 (37.1, 0.4) | 29 301 (28.3, 6.7) | 66 481 (22.3, 15.1) | 10 097 (29.8, 2.3) |
| Health problems | |||||
| Heart attack | 9892 (2.2) | 264 (5.6, 0.1) | 2608 (2.5, 0.6) | 5674 (1.9, 1.3) | 1346 (4.0, 0.3) |
| Angina | 13 896 (3.2) | 377 (8.0, 0.1) | 3785 (3.7, 0.9) | 7920 (2.7, 1.8) | 1814 (5.4, 0.4) |
| Stroke | 6525 (1.5) | 165 (3.5, 0.04) | 1709 (1.7, 0.4) | 3685 (1.2, 0.8) | 966 (2.9, 0.2) |
| Hypertension | 118 803 (27.0) | 1774 (37.8, 0.4) | 30 267 (29.3, 6.9) | 75 482 (25.3, 17.2) | 11 280 (33.3, 2.6) |
| Diabetes | 21 710 (4.9) | 444 (9.5, 0.1) | 5662 (5.5, 1.3) | 12 751 (4.3, 2.9) | 2853 (8.4, 0.7) |
| Sleep problems | |||||
| Sleeplessness/insomnia | 123 869 (28.2) | 4009 (85.5, 0.9) | 50 501 (48.9, 11.5) | 62 072 (20.8, 14.1) | 7287 (21.5, 1.7) |
| Dozing/narcolepsy | 12 101 (2.8) | 367 (7.9, 0.1) | 3864 (3.8, 0.9) | 5965 (2.0, 1.4) | 1894 (5.6, 0.4) |
Note: N: count, XX: column percent, xx: overall percent, h: hours, CI: confidence interval,
^
Mean age (sd): overall 56.5 (8.1), very short 56.7 (7.8), short 56.4 (7.9), adequate 56.4 (8.1), long 58.5 (8.0),
^^
Mean BMI (sd): overall 27.4 (4.8), very short 29.1 (5.9), short 27.9 (5.1), adequate 27.2 (4.6), long 28.1 (5.2).