Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 1335 CHS participants who underwent DEXA.
| Overall | Male | Female | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n ≤ 1335 | n ≤ 582 | n ≤ 753 | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 76.2 ± 4.8 | 76.7 ± 5.0 | 75.8 ± 4.5 |
| African American, n (%) | 243 (18.2) | 100 (17.2) | 143 (19.0) |
| Highschool graduate or GED and beyond, n (%) | 1122 (84.1) | 490 (84.3) | 632 (83.9) |
| Income ≥$25,000, n (%)* | 569 (50.3) | 298 (60.0) | 271 (42.7) |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 763 (57.3) | 403 (69.4) | 360 (48.0) |
| Leisure-time activity in kcal/week, median (IQR) | 981.2 (349.4, 2165.6) | 1335.0 (540.0, 2732.5) | 810.0 (270.0, 1807.5) |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 73.5 ± 13.9 | 80.1 ± 11.7 | 68.5 ± 13.4 |
| Height, mean (SD), cm | 164.6 ± 9.5 | 172.4 ± 6.6 | 158.6 ± 6.5 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 27.1 ± 4.4 | 26.9 ± 3.7 | 27.2 ± 4.9 |
| Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm | 96.1 ± 12.7 | 98.2 ± 9.7 | 94.5 ± 14.4 |
| eGFRcys (ml/min/1.73m2) | 75.8 ± 18.3 | 71.9 ± 16.5 | 78.9 ± 19.0 |
| DEXA characteristics, mean (SD) | |||
| Height-indexed total fat mass, kg/m2 | 10.0 ± 3.9 | 7.9 ± 2.7 | 11.7 ± 3.8 |
| Height-indexed trunk fat mass, kg/m2 | 4.8 ± 2.0 | 4.1 ± 1.8 | 5.4 ± 2.0 |
| Height-indexed total lean mass, kg/m2 | 16.3 ± 2.5 | 18.2 ± 2.0 | 14.8 ± 1.8 |
| Height-indexed appendicular lean mass, kg/m2 | 6.6 ± 1.3 | 7.7 ± 1.0 | 5.8 ± 0.9 |
| Prevalent hypertension, n (%) | 742 (55.6) | 300 (51.6) | 442 (58.8) |
| Prevalent diabetes, n (%) | 194 (16.0) | 105 (20.3) | 89 (12.8) |
| Prevalent coronary heart disease, n (%) | 297 (22.3) | 173 (29.7) | 124 (16.5) |
| Prevalent heart failure, n (%) | 68 (5.1) | 41 (7.0) | 27 (3.6) |
| Prevalent stroke, n (%) | 56 (4.2) | 35 (6.0) | 21 (2.8) |
| Prevalent atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 42 (3.2) | 25 (4.4) | 17 (2.3) |
| Prevalent peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 45 (3.4) | 33 (5.7) | 12 (1.6) |
| Prevalent end-stage renal disease, n (%) | 19 (1.4) | 12 (2.1) | 7 (0.9) |
| Prevalent liver disease, n (%) | 10 (0.8) | 5 (0.9) | 5 (0.7) |
| Prevalent GOLD Stage 3 or 4 COPD, n (%) | 30 (2.4) | 12 (2.2) | 18 (2.6) |
| Prevalent cancer, n (%) | 228 (17.1) | 102 (17.5) | 126 (16.7) |
Values are mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range) or number (%). Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; CHS = Cardiovascular Health Study; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DEXA = dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; eGFRcys = cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate; GED = graduate equivalency degree; GOLD = Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation.
*
The greatest amount of missingness was in income with 204/1335 missing.