Table 1.
Study population according to hospital mortality (N (%)—median [IQR 25–75])
| (N (%)—median [IQR 25–75]) | Alive at hospital discharge (n = 349) | Patients who died (n = 255, 42%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 60 [50–69] | 61 [51–71] | 0.43 |
| Malignancy | |||
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 90 (25.8%) | 78 (30.6%) | 0.37 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 96 (27.5%) | 68 (26.7%) | |
| Myeloma | 49 (14%) | 32 (12.5%) | |
| Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | 32 (9.2%) | 23 (9%) | |
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 19 (5.4%) | 19 (7.4%) | |
| Myelodysplastic syndrome | 18 (5.2%) | 12 (4.7%) | |
| Hodgkin’s disease | 14 (4%) | 4 (1.6%) | |
| Others | 31 (8.9%) | 19 (7.5%) | |
| Disease status at admission | |||
| Earliest phase | 120 (34.4%) | 88 (34.5%) | 0.86 |
| Progression | 137 (39.3%) | 103 (40.4%) | |
| Complete or partial remission | 83 (23.8%) | 55 (21.6%) | |
| Unknown | 9 (2.5%) | 9 (3.5%) | |
| Stem cell transplantation | |||
| Autologous | 39 (11.2%) | 23 (9.1%) | 0.03 |
| Allogeneic | 50 (14.3%) | 57 (22.4%) | |
| Poor performance status | 55 (15.8%) | 69 (27.1%) | 0.001 |
| Time from hospital to ICU admission >24 h | 159 (46%) | 96 (38%) | 0.061 |
| Neutropenia | 85 (24.4%) | 97 (38%) | 0.0004 |
| Respiratory rate at admission (/min) | 32 [25–37] | 35 [25–39] | 0.002 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation at day 1 | 107 (30.7%) | 143 (56.1%) | <0.0001 |
| SOFA score >7 | 108 (32.2%) | 162 (66.7%) | <0.0001 |
| ARF etiologies | |||
| Infectious etiologies | 162 (46.4%) | 106 (41.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Clinically documented | 60 (17.2%) | 21 (8.2%) | |
| Bacterial infection | 56 (16%) | 54 (21.2%) | |
| Viral infection | 16 (4.6%) | 8 (3.2%) | |
| Other | 30 (8.6%) | 23 (9%) | |
| Non-infectious lung involvement | 127 (36.4%) | 69 (27.1%) | |
| Malignant infiltrate | 25 (7.2%) | 18 (7.1%) | |
| Drug-related lung toxicity | 4 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Cardiac pulmonary edema | 48 (13.8%) | 17 (6.7%) | |
| Other | 50 (14.3%) | 34 (13.3%) | |
| Opportunistic infections | 28 (8%) | 34 (13.3%) | |
| Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis | 6 (1.7%) | 24 (9.4%) | |
| Pneumocystis jirovecii infections | 18 (5.1%) | 4 (1.6%) | |
| Other invasive fungal infections | 3 (0.9%) | 2 (0.7%) | |
| Other | 1 (0.3%) | 4 (1.6%) | |
| Undetermined | 32 (9.2%) | 46 (18%) |
Results were expressed as median and 25th and 75th quartiles [Q1–Q3] for quantitative data and numbers and percentages for categorical data. Marginal association between single variables and outcome was assessed by Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for quantitative variables and Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square test with Yates continuity correction for categorical variables when Fisher’s exact test was computationally impossible
CR complete remission, NA not available, PR partial remission, IQR inter-quartile range