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. 2016 Oct 26;7:1543. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01543

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Copyright © 2016 Dash and Rai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Banana cultivation is one of the major land uses in Asia and Africa not only for nutritional requirement but also a key household source of income for marginal farmers. The banana genome sequence, comprising a high-resolution map of genes, repetitive elements and variation (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, INDELs) will be leveraged by researchers/breeders to construct high-density, well-placed marker sets. Further, marker-assisted selection will allow breeders to sort through thousands of recombinants to select plant type that contain only the beneficial gene(s) and remove linkage drag. (a) A commercial banana plantation in northwest India. (b) Single bunch of banana is handpicked and carefully washed to minimize the bruises and marketable loss to the fingers. (c) Harvest-mature looms are transported for ripening to nearby banana industry depicting intricate association of livelihood for farmers, traders, distributors, and industry. (d) Origin and distribution of bananas representing primary center of origin () that geographically overlaps from northeast India, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh to other Polynesian regions and secondary center of diversity covering peninsular Malaysia and Indonesia. (e) A banana plantation devastated by Panama wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum sp. cubense race 4. (f) Typical leaf-spot symptoms of black sigatoka disease in young leaves of banana caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis. Source: (d–f) from Google (www.google.com).

Inline graphic — Banana cultivation is one of the major land uses in Asia and Africa not only for nutritional requirement but also a key household source of income for marginal farmers. The banana genome sequence, comprising a high-resolution map of genes, repetitive elements and variation (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, INDELs) will be leveraged by researchers/breeders to construct high-density, well-placed marker sets. Further, marker-assisted selection will allow breeders to sort through thousands of recombinants to select plant type that contain only the beneficial gene(s) and remove linkage drag. (a) A commercial banana plantation in northwest India. (b) Single bunch of banana is handpicked and carefully washed to minimize the bruises and marketable loss to the fingers. (c) Harvest-mature looms are transported for ripening to nearby banana industry depicting intricate association of livelihood for farmers, traders, distributors, and industry. (d) Origin and distribution of bananas representing primary center of origin () that geographically overlaps from northeast India, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh to other Polynesian regions and secondary center of diversity covering peninsular Malaysia and Indonesia. (e) A banana plantation devastated by Panama wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum sp. cubense race 4. (f) Typical leaf-spot symptoms of black sigatoka disease in young leaves of banana caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis. Source: (d–f) from Google (www.google.com).