Figure 2.

Feedforward control of manual interception in naturalistic (A) and brain-controlled (B) conditions. (A) In a manual interception task, the brain first predicts the future target location at movement offset, and then directs the arm (end-effector) toward it through open-loop control of musculoskeletal system. (B) In brain-controlled interception, predictive PPC activity is decoded to an intended motor goal, and used as a control signal to direct a cursor on a computer screen or a robotic actuator toward the future location at interception, as opposed to actually reaching for it with the hand.