Skip to main content
. 2016 Oct 26;6:35952. doi: 10.1038/srep35952

Figure 5. The renoprotective effects of metformin are independent of the expression of OCT1/2.

Figure 5

(A,B) mRNA regulation of TNFα and MCP-1 normalized to 18S. (C) regulation of mRNA of KIM-1 normalized to 18S. (D) Protein expression of KIM-1 normalized to total protein. (E) Regulation of NQO1 at mRNA level normalized to 18S. Regulation of HO-1 protein expression normalized to total protein. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant indicated by *P < 0.01 by **P < 0.001 by ***, and not significant by ns.