Table 1.
Markers of leukemia stem cells
| Cell surface markers | Patient samples used | Mouse model used | Ref. |
| CD34+CD38- | FAB M1, M4, M5 | NOD/SCID | [15,16] |
| CD34+CD38+ | CN-AML, MLL-ENL | NOD/SCID + IVIG or anti-CD122 | [18,64,67,68] |
| CD34-CD38+ | AML with NPM1 mutation | NOD/SCID β-2 microglobulin NOD/SCID IL2 receptor γ−/− + IVIG | [66] |
| CD34+CD123+ | FAB M1, M2, M4 | NOD/SCID | [69] |
| CD34+CD38-CD96+ | CK-AML, CBFB-MYH11, PML-RARA, AML1-ETO, FAB M4 | Rag2-/- IL2RG-/- | [70] |
| CD34+CLL1+ | AMLs with FLT3-ITD | NOD/SCID | [71] |
| TIM3+ | FAB M1, M2, M4 | NOD/Rag1-/- IL2RG-/- | [72] |
| CD34+CD38- CD33+CD13+ | CN-AML, CBF-AML, MLL-ENL | NOD/SCID | [73] |
FAB: French-American-British classification system; CN: Cytogenetically normal; CK: Cytogenetically complex; MLL-ENL: Mixed-lineage leukemia-eleven nineteen leukemia; NPM1: Nucleophosmin 1; CBFB-MYH11: Core binding factor beta unit-Myosin heavy chain 11; PML-RARA: Promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha; AML1-ETO: Acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein- eight twenty one; FLT3-ITD: Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 Internal tandem duplication; NOD/SCID: Non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency; Rag: Recombination activating gene; IL2RG: Interleukin 2 receptor subunit gamma.