Table 1.
Patient characteristics of the microarray cohort (n = 36 GBMs) and the validation cohort (n = 142 IDH1 wt GBMs), presented by location-dependent groups I–IV
| Group | I | II | III | IV | Total | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microarray cohort | ||||||
| Patients, n (%) | 11 (30) | 6 (17) | 10 (28) | 9 (25) | 36 | |
| Sex, n (male : female) | 5 : 6 | 6 : 0 | 7 : 3 | 5 : 4 | 23 : 13 | 0.14a |
| Age at diagnosis, mean (years) | 68 | 64 | 59 | 64 | 65 | 0.21b |
| Extent of resection, n (%) | 0.85a | |||||
| - Complete | 3 (27) | 2 (33) | 4 (40) | 2 (22) | 11 (31) | |
| - Partial | 4 (36.5) | 4 (67) | 5 (50) | 5 (56) | 18 (50) | |
| - Unknown | 4 (36.5) | 0 | 1 (10) | 2 (22) | 7 (19) | |
| OS, median (months) | 9 | 9.5 | 15 | 16 | 11.5 | 0.98c |
| PFS, median (months) | 3 | 5.5 | 3 | 5 | 3.5 | 0.47c |
| Multifocal CE lesion, n (%) | 2 (18) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 3 (8) | 0.42a |
| Multifocal FLAIR lesion, n (%) | 2 (18) | 0 (0) | 3 (30) | 0 (0) | 5 (14) | 0.19a |
| MGMT promoter methylation, n (%) | 0.06a | |||||
| - Yes | 9 (82) | 1 (17) | 6 (60) | 4 (44) | 20 (56) | |
| - No | 2 (18) | 5 (83) | 4 (40) | 5 (56) | 16 (44) | |
| IDH1 mutation, n (%) | 0.44a | |||||
| - Yes | 0 | 0 | 1 (10) | 0 | 1 (3) | |
| - No | 11 (100) | 6 (100) | 9 (90) | 9 (100) | 35 (97) | |
| Validation cohort | ||||||
| Patients, n (%) | 49 (35) | 17 (12) | 66 (46) | 10 (7) | 142 | |
| Sex, n (male : female) | 31 : 18 | 9 : 8 | 41 : 25 | 6 : 4 | 87 : 55 | 0.89a |
| Age at diagnosis, mean (years) | 62 | 57 | 62 | 64 | 62 | 0.32d |
| KPS preoperative, mean | 78 | 76 | 86 | 86 | 82 | 0.01 d |
| Extent of resection, n (%) | 0.006 a | |||||
| - Complete | 8 (16) | 6 (35) | 23 (35) | 7 (70) | 44 (31) | |
| - Partial | 37 (76) | 9 (53) | 31 (47) | 2 (20) | 79 (56) | |
| - Unknown | 4 (8) | 2 (12) | 12 (18) | 1 (10) | 19 (13) | |
| Radiation therapy, n (%) | 43 (88) | 16 (94) | 62 (94) | 8 (80) | 129 (91) | 0.4a |
| Temozolomide, n (%) | 30 (61) | 14 (82) | 43 (65) | 8 (80) | 95 (67) | 0.33a |
| OS, median (months) | 12 | 14 | 15 | 17 | 13 | 0.004 c |
| PFS, median (months) | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 0.27c |
| Censored patients, n (%) | 2 (4) | 1 (6) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 7 (5) | 0.85a |
| MGMT promoter methylation | 0.43a | |||||
| - Yes, n (%) | 10 (20) | 7 (41) | 17 (26) | 4 (40) | 38 (26) | |
| - No, n (%) | 16 (33) | 6 (35) | 27 (41) | 3 (30) | 52 (37) | |
| - Unknown, n (%) | 23 (47) | 4 (24) | 22 (33) | 3 (30) | 52 (37) | |
| IDH1 mutation, n (%) | N/A | |||||
| - No, n (%) | 49 (100) | 17 (100) | 66 (100) | 10 (100) | 142(100) | |
OS overall survival, PFS progression-free survival, CE contrast-enhancing, FLAIR fluid attenuated inversion recovery, MGMT O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, IDH1 isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, KPS Karnofsky performance score
aChi-square test
bKruskal-Wallis test
cLog-rank test
dOne-way ANOVA
N/A not applicable
In bold: p < 0.01