Table 5.
Clinical and molecular prognostic factors of overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival in the validation cohort (n = 142 IDH wt patients) based on a univariate log-rank test and a multivariate Cox regression model
| OS | PFS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95 % CI) | p value | HR (95 % CI) | p value | ||
| Univariate | |||||
| Clinico-pathological parameters | |||||
| Age at first diagnosis | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | 4.0E-07 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.020 | |
| Gender (male) | 0.99 (0.70–1.41) | 0.971 | 1.33 (0.87–2.04) | 0.187 | |
| Radiotherapy | 0.29 (0.16–0.52) | 9.7E-06 | 0.99 (0.31–3.13) | 0.983 | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.41 (0.28–0.59) | 1.4E-06 | 0.58 (0.37–0.91) | 0.017 | |
| Preoperative KPS | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.002 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.810 | |
| MGMT methylation | 0.83 (0.53–1.29) | 0.401 | 1.15 (0.69–1.92) | 0.588 | |
| GTR | 0.42 (0.28–0.62) | 8.8E-06 | 0.78 (0.49–1.23) | 0.286 | |
| Location (SVZ+) | 1.39 (0.99–1.96) | 0.056 | 1.07 (0.71–1.61) | 0.743 | |
| Location (II vs. III) | 1.19 (0.69–2.08) | 0.526 | 1.30 (0.66–2.60) | 0.445 | |
| Candidate genes | |||||
| Cut-offs | |||||
| IGFBP5 | Q1 | 1.62 (1.09–2.39) | 0.015 | 1.19 (0.73–1.94) | 0.475 |
| DLL3 | Median | 1.61 (1.08–2.39) | 0.017 | 1.64 (1.01–2.68) | 0.043 |
| NTRK2 | Q1 | 0.66 (0.44–1.00) | 0.049 | 0.64 (0.39–1.07) | 0.086 |
| PIR | Q1 | 0.62 (0.41–0.95) | 0.025 | 0.66 (0.40–1.08) | 0.092 |
| HES4 | Q3 | 1.55 (1.03–2.32) | 0.034 | 1.31 (0.81–2.13) | 0.268 |
| Multivariate | |||||
| Clinico-pathological parameters | |||||
| Age at first diagnosis | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 0.024 | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.198 | |
| Radiotherapy | 0.22 (0.08–0.58) | 0.002 | |||
| Chemotherapy | 0.55 (0.29–1.05) | 0.072 | 0.62 (0.36–1.06) | 0.082 | |
| Preoperative KPS | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.504 | |||
| GTR | 0.48 (0.29–0.83) | 0.007 | |||
| Location (SVZ+) | 1.82 (1.09–3.04) | 0.023 | |||
| Candidate genes | |||||
| Cut-offs | |||||
| IGFBP5 | Q1 | 0.82 (0.48–1.42) | 0.488 | ||
| DLL3 | Median | 1.47 (0.83–2.60) | 0.181 | 1.65 (1.00–2.70) | 0.046 |
| NTRK2 | Q1 | 0.75 (0.41–1.38) | 0.358 | ||
| PIR | Q1 | 0.75 (0.41–1.36) | 0.344 | ||
| HES4 | Q3 | 2.03 (1.06–3.90) | 0.033 | ||
Gene expression data were dichotomized according to the median in “high” and “low” expression (“median cut-off”) and according to quartiles either in “top 25 % expression” and “<75 % expression” (“Q1 cut-off”) or “bottom 25 % expression” and “>25 % expression” (“Q3 cut-off”). p values < 0.05 are displayed in bold letters
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, KPS Karnofsky performance score, MGMT O 6-methylguanine-DNA methytransferase, GTR gross total resection