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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 26.
Published in final edited form as: Anal Chem. 2016 Feb 5;88(4):2392–2398. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04409

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Illustration of the four methods of applying standards for IMS. Depositing the standards on the tissue section requires thaw-mounting the section followed by application of the standards and matrix. Deposition under the tissue section requires spotting the standards first, thaw-mounting the section on top of them, and then applying matrix. A sandwich method combines depositing the standards under and on the tissue section followed by matrix. Premixing the standard involves thaw-mounting the tissue section followed by depositing the standards and the matrix in a single solution.