TABLE 3.
Association between low aMED and poor SF-12, WOMAC, and CES-D scores1
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |
SF-12 | ||||
MCS | 1.35 (1.17, 1.57) | <0.0001 | 1.20 (1.05, 1.38) | 0.01 |
PCS | 1.39 (1.22, 1.57) | <0.0001 | 1.19 (1.01, 1.39) | 0.03 |
WOMAC | ||||
Right knee pain | 1.29 (1.14, 1.47) | <0.0001 | 1.11 (0.98, 1.28) | 0.11 |
Right knee stiffness | 1.14 (1.00, 1.30) | 0.05 | 1.02 (0.89, 1.17) | 0.78 |
Right knee disability | 1.33 (1.17, 1.50) | <0.0001 | 1.14 (0.99, 1.30) | 0.07 |
Right knee total | 1.37 (1.21, 1.55) | <0.0001 | 1.17 (1.02, 1.33) | 0.03 |
Left knee pain | 0.78 (0.69, 0.89) | <0.0001 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.04) | 0.19 |
Left knee stiffness | 1.19 (1.05, 1.35) | 0.006 | 1.07 (0.94, 1.22) | 0.32 |
Left knee disability | 1.20 (1.06, 1.34) | 0.006 | 1.02 (0.89, 1.16) | 0.80 |
Left knee total | 1.22 (1.08, 1.38) | 0.002 | 1.04 (0.91, 1.19) | 0.60 |
CES-D | 1.57 (1.25, 1.96) | <0.0001 | 1.22 (0.96, 1.55) | 0.10 |
Data were obtained through a logistic regression analysis. aMED was categorized with the use of the fourth and fifth quintiles (higher adherence = reference) compared with the other 3 quintiles. Median values for all scores were considered for the logistic regression analysis except for CES-D, for which 16 was considered to be the cutoff of clinical depression. The fully adjusted model included the following as covariates: age, sex, race, BMI (in kg/m2), education, smoking status, annual income, Charlson comorbidity index, use of analgesic drugs, and total energy intake. P < 0.05 was considered significant after adjusting for all covariates in the fully adjusted model. aMED, adherence to Mediterranean diet; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; MCS, mental health composite scale; PCS, physical composite scale; SF-12, 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index.