Table 2.
Outcomes among CLBP patients according to presence of depression
| Total (N = 425) |
Depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) (N = 70) |
No Depression (PHQ-9 < 10) (N = 355) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | P value | |
| Health status: Japanese norm-based scores | ||||
| Physical functioning | 44.36 ± 15.43 | 37.73 ± 17.9 | 45.66 ± 14.57 | <0.001 |
| Role physical | 42.26 ± 14.29 | 32.51 ± 16.28 | 44.19 ± 13.05 | <0.001 |
| Bodily pain | 39.59 ± 8.89 | 34.61 ± 9.56 | 40.57 ± 8.43 | <0.001 |
| General health | 42.59 ± 10.96 | 33.25 ± 9.24 | 44.43 ± 10.32 | <0.001 |
| Vitality | 42.87 ± 10.92 | 30.98 ± 9.26 | 45.22 ± 9.63 | <0.001 |
| Social functioning | 43.03 ± 13.36 | 30.51 ± 13.63 | 45.49 ± 11.85 | <0.001 |
| Role emotional | 44.7 ± 13.14 | 32.34 ± 15.13 | 47.14 ± 11.22 | <0.001 |
| Mental health | 45.17 ± 11.2 | 32 ± 9.54 | 47.77 ± 9.55 | <0.001 |
| Health status: International scores | ||||
| Mental component | 45.01 ± 10.92 | 31.27 ± 10.04 | 47.72 ± 8.85 | <0.001 |
| Physical component | 46.81 ± 7.65 | 44.08 ± 7.96 | 47.35 ± 7.48 | 0.001 |
| Health utility (SF-6D) | 0.67 ± 0.12 | 0.56 ± 0.09 | 0.69 ± 0.11 | <0.001 |
| Work impairment | ||||
| Absenteeism % | 4.92 ± 17.87 | 7.33 ± 22.37 | 4.39 ± 16.75 | 0.335 |
| Presenteeism % | 31.59 ± 28.08 | 46.43 ± 26.12 | 28.43 ± 27.52 | <0.001 |
| Overall work impairment % | 33.90 ± 30.08 | 49.81 ± 27.74 | 30.40 ± 29.50 | <0.001 |
| Activity impairment % | 37.34 ± 29.90 | 56.00 ± 27.21 | 33.66 ± 29.05 | <0.001 |
| HCP visits (past 6 months) | 12.64 ± 16.24 | 19.67 ± 21.07 | 11.25 ± 14.75 | <0.001 |
HCP healthcare provider