Table 2.

Metabolites related to increased oxidative stress in fibroblasts from premutation carriers.

Compound	Fold change	p value
Hexuronic acid	1.4	0.020
Threitol	1.3	0.016
Sorbitol	1.2	0.042
Threonic acid	1.2	0.060
Aminomalonate	1.1	0.078
Isothreonic acid	1.1	0.021

A total of 143 metabolites detected by metabolomics were identified in samples from carriers of the premutation and matched controls. By using univariate analysis, 44 metabolites were identified by fold change analysis (See Materials and Methods). From these, the 6 metabolites identified as markers of oxidative stress-mediated damage to carbohydrates and proteins and relevant for this study are shown. Fold changes were expressed as LOG2 of the ratio of average values of premutation over controls. The p values were obtained through the Student t test (if the metabolites followed a normal distribution) or Kruskall-Wallis (if the metabolites followed a distribution other than normal).