| HPLC | High performance liquid chromatography |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
| DEPT | Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer |
| COSY | Two dimensional 1H correlation |
| HMQC | Heteronuclear multiple-quantum correlation |
| HMBC | 1H-detected heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation |
| NOESY | Nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy |
| GC–MS | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer |
| TLC | Thin layer chromatography |
| SRB | Sulforhodamine B |