Fig. 1.

Subgroup comparisons of nontransformed values for the kynurenine:tryptophan (TRP) ratio (kynurenine formation) in the ventrolateral pre-frontal cortex (VLPFC). (A) Scatter plots with median of controls and depressed individuals; (B) depressed individuals who died by suicide versus other causes; (C) depressed individuals who died by overdose versus no overdose; (D) depressed individuals positive for alcohol versus negative for alcohol (ETOH) at the time of death; (E) depressed individuals who died from cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related events versus other causes; (F) and nonpsychiatric controls who died from CVD-related events versus accidents and homicide. *Wilcoxon test, z₁ = 2.44, p = 0.015.