Table 1.
Geographic location, altitude, lake area, maximum depth (Z max), weather conditions, physicochemical parameters including temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved phosphorus (DP), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved nitrogen (DN), optical properties such as turbidity, diffuse attenuation coefficients at 320 nm (K d 320 nm) and of photosynthetically active radiation (K d PAR), depth of 1% of surface irradiance for 320 nm UV (Z 1% 320 nm) and PAR (Z 1% PAR) and fraction of the water column to which 1% of the surface irradiance at 320 nm (Z 1% 320 nm:Z max) and of PAR (Z 1% 320 nm:Z max) penetrated and chlorophyll a (chl a) of Lakes FAS 3 (turbid) and FAS 4 (clear). Data are shown as means, minimum and maximum values. n.d., not determined. For additional parameters see Table S1 in Supporting Information
| Lake | FAS 3 (turbid) | FAS 4 (clear) |
|---|---|---|
|
Latitude Longitude |
47°N 04′ 15″ 10°E 13′ 15″ |
47°N 04′ 27″ 10°E 13′ 34″ |
| Altitude (m a.s.l.) | 2414 | 2416 |
| Lake area (km²) | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Z max (m) | 17.0 | 15.0 |
| Sampling date |
July 2010 |
July 2011 |
August 2011 |
July 2010 |
July 2011 |
August 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weather | Cloudy | Cloudy | Sunny | Cloudy | Cloudy | Sunny |
| Temperature (°C) | 5.4 (3.1–7.1) | 5.7 (4.6–7.2) | 6.6 (5.0–8.6) | 7.0 (5.8–9.3) | 7.4 (5.9–8.4) | 10.0 (9.1–10.6) |
| pH | 7.5 (7.1–7.8) | 7.6 (7.5–7.8) | 8.0 (7.2–8.8) | 7.2 (7.1–7.3) | 7.4 (7.4–7.5) | 7.3 (7.2–7.4) |
|
Conductivity (μS cm−1) |
39.7 (32.8–53.4) | 37.6 (37.0–39.7) | 43.2 (42.0–45.8) | 51.6 (48.9–54.0) | 50.6 (49.9–51.8) | 49.8 (48.8–51.5) |
| DOC (μg L−1) | 226.9 (182.0–282.0) | 165.3 (148.0–206.0) | 266.9 (220.0–318.0) | 245.1 (228.0–311.0) | 299.2 (245.0–364.0) | 305.1 (268.0–374.0) |
| DP (μg L−1) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 1.3 (1.0–1.9) | 1.3 (1.3–1.6) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) |
| TP (μg L−1) | 7.3 (5.9–9.3) | 6.9 (5.0–9.1) | 8.8 (7.3–10.6) | 2.3 (1.8–3.4) | 2.2 (1.4–4.9) | 2.5 (1.7–5.7) |
| DN (μg L−1) | 168 (143–184) | 168 (162–178) | 145 (112–199) | 210 (202–230) | 178 (167–183) | 172 (170–176) |
| Turbidity (NTU) | 3.2 (1.0–4.5) | 4.4 (3.9–4.6) | 8.6 (5.7–11.8) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 0.2 (0.02–0.3) |
| K d 320 nm (m−1) | n.d. | 1.5 | 3.9 | n.d. | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| K d PAR (m−1) | n.d. | 0.5 | 1.3 | n.d. | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Z 1% 320 nm (m) | n.d. | 3.1 | 1.2 | n.d. | 21.3 | 15.9 |
| Z 1% PAR (m) | n.d. | 8.5 | 3.7 | n.d. | 41.6 | 33.1 |
| Z 1% 320 nm:Z max | n.d. | 0.2 | 0.1 | n.d. | 1.4 | 1.1 |
| Z 1% PAR:Z max | n.d. | 0.5 | 0.2 | n.d. | 2.8 | 2.2 |
| Chl a (μg L−1) | 3.5 (0.4–7.8) | 1.3 (0.4–2.2) | 8.0 (0.2–18.7) | 0.8 (0.2–1.7) | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | 1.9 (1.5–3.1) |