TABLE 2 .
Comparison of resistance genes in Escherichia coli ST131
| Antibiotic(s) and antibiotic resistance gene | fimH allele or sublineage | Total no. of isolates (n = 132) | No. of isolates (%) from: |
P valued | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nepal (n = 54) | Japan (n = 12)a | Other Asian countries (n = 3)b | USA (n = 29)b | Europe (n = 29)b,c | Africa (n = 5)b | ||||
| Aminoglycoside | |||||||||
| aac(3)-IIa | Total | 26 | 15 (27.8) | 5 (41.7) | 0 | 3 (10.3) | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.05 |
| H30Rx | 25 | 15 (27.8) | 4 (33.3) | 3 (10.3) | 3 (10.3) | ||||
| H30R | 1 | 1 (8.3) | |||||||
| aac(3)-IId | Total | 17 | 1 (1.9) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 5 (17.2) | 5 (17.2) | 3 (60) | 0.003 |
| H30Rx | 3 | 1 (1.9) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (20) | |||||
| H30R | 6 | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (20) | ||||
| H27 | 1 | 1 (20) | |||||||
| H41 | 7 | 2 (6.9) | 5 (17.2) | ||||||
| aadA1 | Total | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.213 |
| H30Rx | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| H30R | 3 | 2 (6.9) | 1 (3.4) | ||||||
| H41 | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| aadA2 | Total | 11 | 8 (14.8) | 0 | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 1 (3.4) | 0 | 0.329 |
| H30Rx | 8 | 8 (14.8) | |||||||
| H30R | 3 | 2 (6.9) | 1 (3.4) | ||||||
| aadA5 | Total | 68 | 31 (57.4) | 6 (50) | 0 | 21 (72.4) | 9 (31) | 1 (20) | 0.007 |
| H30Rx | 51 | 31 (57.4) | 4 (33.3) | 13 (44.8) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (20) | |||
| H30R | 9 | 2 (16.7) | 6 (20.7) | 1 (3.4) | |||||
| H41 | 8 | 2 (6.9) | 4 (13.8) | ||||||
| strA | Total | 45 | 20 (37) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 13 (44.8) | 6 (20.7) | 3 (60) | 0.211 |
| H30Rx | 28 | 20 (37) | 1 (8.3) | 6 (20.7) | 1 (20) | ||||
| H30R | 7 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (33.3) | 5 (17.2) | |||||
| H27 | 2 | 2 (40) | |||||||
| H41 | 8 | 2 (6.9) | 6 (20.7) | ||||||
| strB | Total | 49 | 20 (37) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 15 (51.7) | 7 (24.1) | 4 (80) | 0.054 |
| H30Rx | 30 | 20 (37) | 1 (8.3) | 8 (27.6) | 1 (20) | ||||
| H30R | 3 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (20) | |||||
| H22 | 5 | 5 (17.2) | |||||||
| H27 | 2 | 2 (40) | |||||||
| H41 | 9 | 2 (6.9) | 7 (24.1) | ||||||
| Aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone | |||||||||
| aac(6')-Ib-cr | Total | 55 | 39 (72.2) | 6 (50) | 0 | 3 (10.3) | 7 (24.1) | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 53 | 39 (72.2) | 5 (41.7) | 3 (10.3) | 6 (20.7) | ||||
| H30R | 2 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (3.4) | ||||||
| Beta-lactams | |||||||||
| blaCTX-M-14 | Total | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 0 | 0.205 |
| H41 | 2 | 2 (6.9) | |||||||
| blaCTX-M-15 | Total | 71 | 51 (94.4) | 8 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (13.8) | 6 (20.7) | 1 (20) | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 69 | 51 (94.4) | 7 (58.3) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (13.8) | 5 (17.2) | 1 (20) | ||
| H30R | 2 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (3.4) | ||||||
| blaCTX-M-27 | Total | 3 | 2 (3.7) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.4) | 0 | 0 | 0.874 |
| H30Rx | 2 | 2 (3.7) | |||||||
| H30R | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| blaCTX-M-55 | Total | 4 | 0 | 3 (25) | 1 (33.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 1 | 1 (8.3) | |||||||
| H30R | 3 | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | ||||||
| blaOXA-1 | Total | 54 | 38 (70.4) | 7 (58.3) | 0 | 3 (10.3) | 6 (20.7) | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 52 | 38 (70.4) | 6 (50) | 3 (10.3) | 5 (17.2) | ||||
| H30R | 2 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (3.4) | ||||||
| blaTEM-1B | Total | 61 | 20 (37) | 3 (25) | 1 (33.3) | 16 (55.2) | 16 (55.2) | 5 (100) | 0.036 |
| H30Rx | 33 | 20 (37) | 1 (8.3) | 6 (20.7) | 4 (13.8) | 2 (40) | |||
| H30R | 13 | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 8 (27.6) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (20) | |||
| H22 | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| H27 | 2 | 2 (40) | |||||||
| H41 | 10 | 2 (6.9) | 8 (27.6) | ||||||
| blaTEM-1C | Total | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.05 |
| H22 | 3 | 3 (10.3) | |||||||
| blaKPC-3 | Total | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (20.7) | 0 | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 6 | 6 (20.7) | |||||||
| Macrolide | |||||||||
| mphA | Total | 69 | 46 (85.2) | 5 (41.7) | 0 | 10 (34.5) | 8 (27.6) | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 56 | 46 (85.2) | 3 (25) | 5 (17.2) | 2 (6.9) | ||||
| H30R | 7 | 2 (16.7) | 4 (13.8) | 1 (3.4) | |||||
| H41 | 4 | 1 (3.4) | 3 (10.3) | ||||||
| Chloramphenicol | |||||||||
| catA1 | Total | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 2 (40) | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 1 | 1 (20) | |||||||
| H27 | 1 | 1 (20) | |||||||
| H41 | 2 | 2 (6.9) | |||||||
| catB3 | Total | 51 | 37 (68.5) | 6 (50) | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 6 (20.7) | 0 | <0.001 |
| H30Rx | 48 | 37 (68.5) | 5 (41.7) | 1 (3.4) | 5 (17.2) | ||||
| H30R | 3 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.4) | |||||
| Sulfonamide | |||||||||
| sul1 | Total | 82 | 39 (72.2) | 6 (50) | 0 | 22 (75.9) | 13 (44.8) | 2 (40) | 0.01 |
| H30Rx | 60 | 39 (72.2) | 4 (33.3) | 13 (44.8) | 3 (10.3) | 1 (20) | |||
| H30R | 11 | 2 (16.7) | 7 (24.1) | 2 (6.9) | |||||
| H27 | 1 | 1 (20) | |||||||
| H41 | 8 | 2 (6.9) | 6 (20.7) | ||||||
| sul2 | Total | 52 | 20 (37) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (33.3) | 18 (62.1) | 8 (27.6) | 3 (60) | 0.041 |
| H30Rx | 32 | 20 (37) | 1 (8.3) | 9 (31) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (20) | |||
| H30R | 9 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (33.3) | 7 (24.1) | |||||
| H27 | 2 | 2 (40) | |||||||
| H41 | 9 | 2 (6.9) | 7 (24.1) | ||||||
| Trimethoprim | |||||||||
| dfrA12 | Total | 8 | 8 (14.8) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.031 |
| H30Rx | 8 | 8 (14.8) | |||||||
| dfrA17 | Total | 67 | 31 (57.4) | 6 (50) | 0 | 20 (69) | 9 (31) | 1 (20) | 0.014 |
| H30Rx | 50 | 31 (57.4) | 4 (33.3) | 12 (41.3) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (20) | |||
| H30R | 9 | 2 (16.7) | 6 (20.7) | 1 (3.4) | |||||
| H41 | 6 | 2 (6.9) | 4 (13.8) | ||||||
| dfrA1 | Total | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.4) | 4 (13.8) | 0 | 0.054 |
| H30Rx | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| H30R | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| H22 | 1 | 1 (3.4) | |||||||
| H41 | 2 | 2 (6.9) | |||||||
| Tetracycline | |||||||||
| tet(A) | Total | 86 | 40 (74.1) | 8 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) | 18 (62.1) | 15 (51.7) | 4 (80) | 0.292 |
| H30Rx | 61 | 40 (74.1) | 7 (58.3) | 11 (37.9) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (20) | |||
| H30R | 10 | 1 (8.3) | 1 (33.3) | 5 (17.2) | 2 (6.9) | 1 (20) | |||
| H22 | 4 | 4 (13.8) | |||||||
| H27 | 2 | 2 (40) | |||||||
| H41 | 9 | 2 (6.9) | 7 (24.1) | ||||||
a
Includes one publicly available sequence of E. coli ST131.
b
Publicly available sequence data for E. coli ST131.
c
Three isolates from Europe were from Lebanon.
d
The P values are comparing the prevalence of each antibiotic resistance gene among geographical regions. P values in boldface type represent statistically significant results.