Table 4.
Adjusted geometric mean concentration of plasma hormones by AHEI (not including alcohol) dietary pattern score quartiles among up to 1,990 premenopausal women in the Nurses’ Health Study II
| AHEI score | p-value trend, median of Qs |
Percent differenceb and 95% CI |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hormone | N | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
| Range | (21.5–40.2) | (40.3–46.2) | (46.2–53.2) | (53.2–81.1) | |||
| Follicular Estradiol (pg/mL) | 1,397 | 75.3 | 60.9 | 66.5 | 64.6 | 0.05 | −14.2% (−24.6%, −2.4%) |
| Luteal Estradiol (pg/mL) | 1,524 | 156 | 159 | 150 | 146 | 0.04 | −6.7% (−14.3%, 1.5%) |
| Follicular Free Estradiol | 1,361 | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.10 | −9.2% (−18.2%, 0.8%) |
| Luteal Free Estradiol | 1,508 | 1.92 | 1.98 | 1.89 | 1.75 | 0.01 | −9.3% (−16.8%, −1.1%) |
| Follicular Estrone (pg/mL) | 1,417 | 49.9 | 45.6 | 46.4 | 45.4 | 0.04 | −9.1%(−16.1%, −1.4%) |
| Luteal Estrone (pg/mL) | 1,571 | 91.7 | 94.5 | 91.7 | 84.9 | 0.01 | −7.5% (−13.6%, −0.9%) |
| Follicular estrone sulfate (pg/mL) | 444 | 814 | 847 | 860 | 765 | 0.43 | −6.0%(−22.2%, 13.6%) |
| Luteal estrone sulfate (pg/mL) | 449 | 1,577 | 1,690 | 1,584 | 1,468 | 0.36 | −6.9% (−24.3%, 14.5%) |
| Luteal Progesterone (ng/dL) | 1,587 | 1,189 | 1,197 | 1,233 | 1,225 | 0.45 | 3.0% (−5.9%, 12.8%) |
| DHEA (ng/dL)c | 386 | 854 | 848 | 864 | 807 | 0.46 | −5.5%(−17.8%, 8.7%) |
| DHEAS (µg/dL)c | 1,083 | 123 | 127 | 129 | 121 | 0.78 | −1.6% (−11.0%, 8.8%) |
| Testosterone (ng/dL)d | 1,956 | 23.7 | 24.5 | 24.3 | 22.8 | 0.11 | −3.7%(−8.5%, 1.3%) |
| Free testosterone (ng/dL)d | 1,898 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.09 | −6.0% (−12.4%, 0.9%) |
| Androstenedione (ng/dL)d | 626 | 130 | 134 | 129 | 120 | 0.03 | −7.8%(−15.4%, 0.4%) |
| Prolactin (ng/dL)d | 1,300 | 21.8 | 20.6 | 22.0 | 21.9 | 0.60 | 0.5% (−9.9%, 12.1%) |
| SHBG (nmol/L)d | 1,675 | 71.9 | 68.8 | 70.6 | 71.9 | 0.73 | −0.04% (−6.5%, 6.9%) |
All geometric mean concentrations are adjusted for age at blood collection (continuous), BMI at blood collection (<22.5, 22.5 to <25, 25 to <27.5, 27.5 to <30, 30+), total kilocalories (continuous), smoking (never smoker, past smoker with >= 5 years since quitting, past smoker with <5 years since quitting, current smoker of <15 cigarettes per day, current smoker of 15+ cigarettes per day), alcohol use (non-drinker, <=10g/day, 10.1–20 g/day, >20 g/day) duration of past oral contraceptive use (never, <4 years, 4+ years), age at first birth/parity (nulliparous, 1–2 children and age at first birth < 25 years, 1–2 children and age at first birth > 25 years, >3 children and age at first birth < 25 years, >3 children and age at first birth > 25 years), age at menarche (<12, 12–13, >13 years), physical activity in MET-hours/week (<3, 3 to <9, 9 to <18, 18 to <27, 27+), date of blood collection (month/year, <1/97, 2/97–1/98, 2/98–1/99, >2/99), time of day of blood collection (1–8 a.m.,9 a.m. to noon, 1–4 p.m., 5 p.m. to midnight), and fasting status (<10, >10 hours). Models that included luteal or average of timed samples also were adjusted for the difference between luteal blood draw date and date of next menstrual period (3–7, 8–12,13–17, 18–21 days, unknown/untimed).
Percent difference between Q4 vs. Q1
Luteal/untimed
Average of follicular and luteal measures, or untimed