Table 1.

Permeation Data from Pure Forskolin (1)-Treated Human Skin (1, n = 7), P. barbatus Extract-Treated Human Skin (n = 3), Pure 1-Treated Guinea Pig Skin (1, n = 4), and P. barbatus Extract-Treated Guinea Pig Skin (n = 4)

treatment	24 h skin concentration (μmol/g)a	24 h cumulative amount (nmol)	flux (nmol/cm2/h)a	flux enhancement	lag time (h)
pure 1-treated human skin	20.0 ± 10.6b	3.8 ± 1.0	0.18 ± 0.04c,d		1.5 ± 0.6
P. barbatus extract-treated human skin	1.7 ± 1.7b	63.5 ± 10.1	3.6 ± 1.0c,f	20.0	4.8 ± 3.0
pure 1-treated guinea pig skin	5.8 ± 6.4	75.6 ± 31.8	3.4 ± 1.7d,e		2.8 ± 1.8
P. barbatus extract-treated guinea pig skin	2.5 ± 2.9	326.1 ± 76.9	18.5 ± 2.3e,f	5.4	5.5 ± 2.9

^aStudent’s t-test was performed on data of 24 h skin concentration and flux of pure 1 vs P. barbatus extract. This test was also performed on data of the same drug treatment on guinea pig skin vs human skin. p-values were calculated between two numbers with the same letter. Levels of significance with different p-values are shown below. All p-values shown are less than 0.001 except for the human skin content of 1 vs P. barbatus extract (p < 0.05).

^bp < 0.05.

^c,d,e,fp < 0.001.