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. 2016 Nov 15;370:70–77. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.09.024

Table 1.

Baseline and radiological characteristics among three groups.

Characteristics UIV group
(n = 76)
BPPV group
(n = 74)
Control group
(n = 60)
P
General demographic data
Age, y, mean ± SD 61.59 ± 11.07 59.04 ± 11.78 58.75 ± 14.36 > 0.05
Sex, F/M 37/39 46/28 32/28 > 0.05
VRFs [n(%)]
 Age ≥ 60 years 40 (52.63) 37 (50.00) 26 (43.33) > 0.05
 HT 60 (78.95) 32 (43.24) 22 (36.67) < 0.0125
 DM 20 (26.32) 7 (9.46) 11 (18.33) 0.027
 Dyslipidemia 40 (52.63) 23 (31.01) 16 (26.67) < 0.0125
 CHD 11 (14.47) 6 (8.11) 6 (10.00) > 0.05
 Smoking 18 (23.68) 10 (13.51) 8 (13.33) > 0.05
 Number of VRFs ≥ 3 47 (61.84) 14 (18.92) 21 (35.00) < 0.0125



Intracranial vascular morphology changes [n(%)]
ACA stenosis/hypoplasia 2 (2.63)/2 (2.63) 1 (1.35)/4 (5.41) 1 (1.67)/0 (0.00) > 0.05
MCA stenosis 9 (11.84) 3 (4.05) 6 (10.00) > 0.05
PCA stenosis/hypoplasia 5 (6.58)/3 (3.95) 0 (0.00)/1 (1.35) 2 (3.33)/2 (3.33) > 0.05
VAS 8 (10.53) 0 (0.00) 0 (0.00) < 0.0125
VAO 2 (2.63) 1 (1.35) 3 (5.00) > 0.05
VAD(VAH) 53 (69.74) 29 (39.19) 14 (23.33) < 0.0125
 Direction of VAD(VAH)
 L side 33 (43.42) 19 (25.68) 12 (20.00)
 R side 20 (26.32) 10 (13.51) 2 (3.33)
BAS 4 (5.26) 0 (0.00) 2 (3.33) > 0.05
BAH 7 (9.21) 1 (1.35) 2 (3.33) > 0.05
BAC 49 (64.47) 32 (43.24) 19 (31.67) < 0.0125
 Direction of BAC
 L side 6 (7.89) 10 (13.51) 5 (8.33)
 R side 38 (50.00) 16 (21.62) 13 (21.67)
 Unclassification side 5 (6.58) 6 (8.11) 1 (1.67)
 Type of BAC
 C-type 27 (35.53) 9 (12.16) 7 (11.67)
 J-type 19 (25.00) 17 (22.97) 10 (16.67)
 S-type 3 (3.95) 6 (8.11) 2 (3.33)
 Degree of BAC
 Grade 0 27 (35.53) 42 (56.76) 41 (68.33) < 0.0125
 Grade 1 23 (30.26) 24 (32.43) 12 (20.00) > 0.05
 Grade 2 21 (27.63) 7 (9.46) 4 (6.67) < 0.0125
 Grade 3 5 (6.58) 1 (1.35) 3 (5.00) > 0.05
 Moderate to severe 26 (34.21) 8 (10.81) 7 (11.67) < 0.0125

UIV indicates undetermined isolated vertigo; BPPV, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; VRFs, vascular risk factors; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; CHD, coronary heart disease; ACA, anterior cerebral artery; MCA, middle cerebral artery; PCA, posterior cerebral artery; VAS, vertebral artery stenosis; VAO, vertebral artery occlusion; VAD, vertebral artery dominance; VAH, vertebral artery hypoplasia; L, left; R, right; BAS, basilar artery stenosis; BAH, basilar artery hypoplasia; BAC, basilar artery curvature.

Statistical significance was observed in UIV vs. (BPPV and/or Control), (P < 0.0125, respectively), and no statistical significance was observed in BPPV vs. Control (P > 0.05, respectively). “P > 0.05” means there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups, or between any two groups.