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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Radiol. 2016 Aug 5;46(12):1651–1662. doi: 10.1007/s00247-016-3672-1

Table 2.

Summary of SpO2 and heart rate changes (mean ± standard deviation) during 129Xe MRI breath-hold for children receiving the initial one-twelfth of a TLC dose of hyperpolarized gas (n=5; HV-1 through HV-5)

Baseline Nadir Mean difference from baseline [95% CI]a P-valueb (baseline vs. nadir) 2-minute recovery Mean difference from baseline [95% CI]a P-valueb (baseline vs. 2-minute recovery)
Calibration dose
SpO2 (%) 98.4 ± 1.5 96.0 ± 1.6 −2.5 [−6.3, 1.3] 0.13 98.0 ± 1.6 −0.4 [−1.8, 1.0] 0.48
HR (bpm) 75.8 ± 20.5 74.3 ± 19.0 −4.5 [−13.7, 4.7] 0.22 78.3 ± 13.8 −2.4 [−7.6, 2.8] 0.27
Imaging dose
SpO2 (%) 98.4 ± 1.5 94.0 ± 5.6 −4.3 [−11.6, 3.1] 0.16 97.4 ± 1.3 −1.0 [−1.9, −0.1] 0.034
HR (bpm) 72.2 ± 14.2 75.5 ± 11.0 2.0 [−16.4, 20.5] 0.75 74.2 ± 16.8 2.0 [−5.2, 9.2] 0.48
a

Mean differences from baseline and 95% confidence intervals ([lower limit, upper limit])

b

P-value ≤ 0.05 is significant

bpm beats per minute, CI confidence interval, HR heart rate, HV healthy volunteer, SpO2 blood oxygenation, TLC total lung capacity