Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants
| CVD death N = 220 |
Others N = 730 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at blood draw (yr) | 68.6 ± 7.0 | 63.1 ± 8.3 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index at baseline (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 4.3 | 27.8 ± 4.3 | 0.61 |
| Body mass index at age 21 (kg/m2)† | 23.9 ± 3.8 | 23.7 ± 3.4 | 0.31 |
| Physical activity (MET-hr/week)† | 16.3 (6.0, 35.1) | 18.0 (6.5, 35.6) | 0.62 |
| Alcohol (g/d)† | 2.1 (0, 12.1) | 2.9 (0, 12.1) | 0.38 |
| Alternative healthy eating index score | 53.9 ± 10.5 | 53.9 ± 12.0 | 0.97 |
| Diabetes duration (months) | 76.5 (14, 142) | 48.5 (0, 115) | 0.01 |
| Smoking status‡, % | <0.001 | ||
| ≥45 pack-years | 21.1 | 12.6 | |
| <45 pack-years | 49.8 | 44.4 | |
| Never Smoked | 29.1 | 43.0 | |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension, % | 65.0 | 44.3 | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, % | 49.6 | 46.4 | 0.42 |
| Angina, % | 30.5 | 11.4 | <0.001 |
| Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, % | 24.6 | 8.9 | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction, % | 25.0 | 7.7 | <0.001 |
| Stroke, % | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.88 |
| Parental MI before age 65 years, % | 37.7 | 37.4 | 0.93 |
| Use of aspirin, % | 51.4 | 41.0 | 0.006 |
| Use of cholesterol-lowering drug, % | 15.9 | 10.1 | 0.02 |
| eGFR (mg/dL) | 74.8 ± 20.7 | 80.2 ± 17.6 | <0.001 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 183 (129, 250) | 175 (117, 256) | 0.67 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 125.5 ± 39.4 | 125.8 ± 35.9 | 0.92 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 38.7 ± 11.8 | 40.2 ± 10.7 | 0.08 |
| hsCRP (mg/dL) | 0.22 (0.13, 0.42) | 0.16 (0.09, 0.33) | <0.001 |
| TNFR2 (ng/mL) | 3.2 (2.6, 3.9) | 2.8 (2.3, 3.3) | <0.001 |
| FABP4 (ng/mL) | 20.9 (15.7, 27.3) | 18.2 (14.0, 20.7) | <0.001 |
| RBP4 (μg/mL) | 36.6 (30.9, 44.1) | 36.2 (30.8, 42.5) | 0.41 |
| HMW adiponectin (μg/mL) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.6) | 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) | 0.04 |
Data are mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or percentage (%). Abbreviation: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TG, triacylglycerol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, C-reactive protein; TNFR2, soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2; FABP4, fatty acid-binding protein 4; RBP4, retinol-binding protein 4; HMW, high-molecular weight; P value was calculated by using t test for continuous variables or the Chi-Square test for categorical variables.
†
Data were missing for body mass index at age 21 in 45 participants; physical activity in 42 participants; and alcohol intake in 74 participants.
‡
Based on data in 897 participants.