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. 2016 Sep 26;5(10):2920–2933. doi: 10.1002/cam4.886

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of macrophage depletion on growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumors. Effect of macrophage depletion on the growth of tumor xenografts was investigated using liposome injection (n = 4 mice per each group). WT8 chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand‐2 (CCL2) or WT8 mock cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice. Control liposomes or clodronate liposomes were given intravenously to the mice. (A, B) Images of F4/80 and CD31 immunohistochemical staining in the control liposome or clodronate liposome‐treated tumors from WT8 CCL2 (A) or WT8 mock cells (B) (bar: 100 μm). (C, D) Quantification of macrophage infiltration (C) or microvessel density (MVD) (D) in control liposome or clodronate liposome‐treated tumors from WT8 CCL2 or WT8 mock cells. Values represent mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t‐test (**P < 0.01, n.s.: not significant). (E, F) Tumor growth curve: tumor xenograft volume in the control liposome or clodronate liposome‐treated tumors from WT8 CCL2 (E) or WT8 mock cells (F). Values represent mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using the two‐way repeated ANOVA (**P < 0.01, n.s.: not significant).