Table 2.
Exposure parameters in intraoral, panoramic and cephalometric modalities
| Modality | Tube voltage (kV) | Filtration (mmAl) | Tube current (mA) | Time (s) | FOV (cm × cm) | DAP (mGy cm2) | FSD/FID (cm) | HVL (mmAl) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intraoral | ||||||||
| Upper occlusal | 70 | min. 2.5 | 6 | 0.2 | 6 (diam.) | 21 | 30 | 2.78 |
| Mandibular incisor | 60 | min. 2.5 | 7 | 0.1 | 6 (diam.) | 9 | 30 | 2.37 |
| Maxillary premolar (right) | 63 | min. 2.5 | 6 | 0.2 | 6 (diam.) | 17 | 30 | 2.50 |
| Panoramic | 66 | min. 2.5 | 8 | 15.8 | 14 × 30 | 71 | 50 | |
| Cephalometric | 66 | min. 2.5 | 10 | 6.4 | 24 × 18 | 16 | 170 | |
DAP, dose–area product; diam., diameter; FID, focus-to-image distance; FOV, field of view; FSD, focus-to-skin distance; HVL, half value layer; min., minimum; mmAL, millimetres of aluminium.