Table 2.
HSV-2 seroprevalence and correlates among 700 women aged 18-39 years by crude logistic regression analysis in a population-based study, Arkhangelsk, Russia, 2010-2011
| Variables | N (%) | HSV-2-positive (%) | Crude OR (95 % CI)* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 18-24 years | 293 (41.9 %) | 33 (11.3 %) | referent |
| 25-29 years | 168 (24.0 %) | 46 (27.4 %) | 2.97 (1.81-4.88) |
| 30-34 years | 147 (21.0 %) | 51 (34.7 %) | 4.19 (2.55-6.88) |
| 35-39 years | 92 (13.1 %) | 38 (41.3 %) | 5.54 (3.20-9.62) |
| Marrital status | |||
| Single | 305 (43.6 %) | 48 (15.7 %) | referent |
| Divorced/widowed | 51 (7.3 %) | 18 (35.3 %) | 2.92 (1.52-5.60) |
| Cohabiting | 139 (19.9 %) | 44 (31.7 %) | 2.48 (1.55-3.98) |
| Married | 205 (29.3 %) | 58 (28.3 %) | 2.11 (1.37-3.26) |
| Education | |||
| Low (secondary school or less) | 85 (12.1 %) | 30 (35.3 %) | referent |
| Average (secondary/vocational) | 155 (22.1 %) | 46 (29.7 %) | 0.77 (0.44-1.36) |
| High (incomplete higher/higher) | 460 (65.8 %) | 92 (20.0 %) | 0.46 (0.28-0.76) |
| Income | |||
| Low | 115 (16.4 %) | 25 (21.7 %) | referent |
| Medium | 515 (73.6 %) | 119 (23.1 %) | 1.08 (0.66-1.76) |
| High | 70 (10 %) | 24 (34.3 %) | 1.88 (0.97-3.65) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 340 (48.6 %) | 60 (17.6 %) | referent |
| Ever | 360 (51.4 %) | 108 (30.0 %) | 2.0 (1.40-2.86) |
| Age at sexual debut | |||
| <18 years | 356 (50.9 %) | 104 (29.2 %) | referent |
| ≥18 years | 344 (49.1 %) | 64 (18.6 %) | 0.49 (0.26-0.92) |
| Ever-use of condoms | |||
| Yes† | 679 (97.0 %) | 159 (23.9 %) | referent |
| No | 21 (3.0 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 2.45 (1.02-5.93) |
| Condom use at sexual debut | |||
| Yes† | 314 (44.9 %) | 60 (19.1 %) | referent |
| No/don’t remember‡ | 386 (55.1 %) | 108 (38.8 %) | 1.65 (1.15-2.35) |
| Condom use in a steady relationship | |||
| Always or almost always | 162 (23.1 %) | 21 (13.0 %) | referent |
| Sometimes or rarely | 318 (45.4 %) | 78 (24.5 %) | 2.18 (1.29-3.69) |
| Never | 220 (31.4 %) | 69 (31.4 %) | 3.07 (1.79-5.26) |
| Lifetime number of sexual partners | |||
| 0-1 | 97 (13.9 %) | 7 (7.2 %) | referent |
| 2-5 | 330 (47.1 %) | 74 (22.4 %) | 3.72 (1.65-8.37) |
| ≥6 | 273 (39.0 %) | 87 (31.9 %) | 6.01 (2.68-13.52) |
| History of STI | |||
| Never/don’t know | 543 (77.6 %) | 112 (20.6 %) | referent |
| Yes | 157 (22.4 %) | 56 (35.7 %) | 2.13 (1.45-3.14) |
| Frequency of drinking alcohol | |||
| Never, monthly or less | 317 (45.3 %) | 67 (21.1 %) | referent |
| 2-4 times a month | 290 (41.4 %) | 76 (26.2 %) | 1.33 (0.91-1.93) |
| ≥2 times a week | 93 (13.3 %) | 25 (26.9 %) | 1.37 (0.81-2.33) |
| Binge drinking§ | |||
| Never | 173 (24.7 %) | 31 (17.9 %) | referent |
| Ever | 527 (75.3 %) | 137 (26.0 %) | 1.61 (1.04-2.49) |
*Significant association in bold, the statistical significance is at the 0.05 level
†Includes 14 women reporting no sex debut (i.e. without any risk of HSV-2 infection)
‡Includes 40 women who did not remember
§Drinking 6 or more units in one occasion
Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, STI sexually transmitted infection