Table 2.

The working definition of kininaru-kodomo (KK) obtained during the theoretical phase

Working definition	Categories that constitute the working definition	Codes	Relevant references
Children who require special care due to supposed special healthcare needs derived from DDs, other developmental problems and child maltreatment	Children with special healthcare needs due to possible DDs	Children who are assessed to require special care due to possible DDs	32
		Children with undiagnosed DDs that are not accompanied with intellectual delay	15
		Children who have developmental problems including children with diagnosed DDs	16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 31, 32
		Children with problems in behavior and sociability of which professionals are aware	16, 17, 18, 19, 28, 30, 31, 32
		Preschool children with teachers worried about their education	15, 19, 20
	Children with special healthcare needs due to other developmental problems	Children with physical conditions that need medical management	31
		Children with emotional instabilities of professional concern	19, 31
		Children whose life skills are not developed for their age	15, 18
	Children with special healthcare needs due to maltreatment	Children raising professional concern regarding possible child abuse and neglect	30, 31, 32
		Children with mothers with poor child-rearing skills	28, 30, 32
		Children with parents with psychological, emotional, and economic problems	15, 30, 32