Figure 3.

Effect of calpeptin on proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs). (a) Cell growth of PCCs was assessed using an ATP‐based assay with or without calpeptin (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, or 80 μM). Representative images of migrating (b) and invading (d) PCCs are shown. Calpeptin dose‐dependently decreased the migration (c) and invasion (e) of PCCs. Silencing of calpain‐2 decreased proliferation (f), and migration and invasion (g) of SW1990 cells. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Cells were stained with HE; original magnification, ×100. Scale bar = 100 μm.