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. 2016 Sep 9;107(10):1373–1379. doi: 10.1111/cas.13027

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Mechanisms of action of oncolytic virus therapy. Local replication of oncolytic virus induces specific antitumor immunity in the course of its oncolytic activities that act on remote lesions. A combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy may enhance the efficacy of oncolytic virus therapy. Arming oncolytic viruses with immunostimulatory gene(s) or cancer therapeutic genes may also be beneficial.