Table 4.
Prevalence of stunting and mean height‐for‐age in children 0–23 months old by child characteristics. In‐depth analysis of the 2012 Comprehensive Nutrition Survey in the state of Maharashtra, India
| Proportion (%) of children stunted (HAZ < −2) | Proportion (%) of children severely stunted (HAZ < −3) | Children's mean height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Boys | 25.4 | 9.4 | −1.06 |
| Girls | 19.3 | 5.0 | −0.88 |
| P‐value | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Age (months) | |||
| 0 to 5 | 9.2 | 3.6 | −0.25 |
| 6 to 11 | 13.9 | 3.2 | −0.69 |
| 12 to 17 | 30.4 | 10.0 | −1.36 |
| 18 to 23 | 40.5 | 14.1 | −1.74 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Birthweight | |||
| Weighed at birth | 21.9 | 6.7 | −0.94 |
| Not weighed at birth | 30.6 | 16.3 | −1.36 |
| P‐value | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Birthweight ≥2500 g | 17.8 | 4.9 | −0.78 |
| Birthweight <2500 g | 37.8 | 12.6 | −1.55 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.00 |
| Vaccinations | |||
| Child (12–23) has all basic vaccinations | 34.2 | 10.6 | −1.48 |
| Child (12–23) does not have all basic vaccinations | 35.9 | 13.8 | −1.60 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Sanitation | |||
| Child's (0–23) stools are disposed safely | 17.2 | 4.7 | −0.76 |
| Child's (0–23) stools are not disposed safely | 26.5 | 9.3 | −1.13 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Breastfeeding practices | |||
| Breastfed within 1 h of birth | 24.4 | 7.4 | −1.02 |
| Not breastfed within 1 h of birth | 21.4 | 7.0 | −0.94 |
| P‐value | 0.17 | 0.56 | 0.41 |
| Received prelacteal feeds | 20.3 | 7.3 | −0.04 |
| Did not receive prelacteal feeds | 9.1 | 4.4 | −0.89 |
| P‐value | 0.30 | 0.88 | 0.046 |
| Is exclusively breastfed (0–5 months) | 10.2 | 3.4 | −0.28 |
| Is not exclusively breastfed (0–5 months) | 6.1 | 2.6 | −0.17 |
| P‐value | 0.30 | 0.91 | 0.82 |
| Is breastfed (12–15 months) | 28.8 | 8.5 | −1.32 |
| Is not breastfed (12–15 months) | 31.2 | 1.1 | −1.15 |
| P‐value | 0.55 | 0.11 | 0.24 |
| Is breastfed (20–23 months) | 44.6 | 15.3 | −1.85 |
| Is not breastfed (20–23 months) | 40.5 | 14.3 | −1.65 |
| P‐value | 0.54 | 0.94 | 0.27 |
| Complementary feeding practices | |||
| Receives complementary foods (6–8 months) | 8.9 | 2.1 | −0.47 |
| Does not receive complementary foods (6–8 months) | 18.8 | 4.0 | −0.73 |
| P‐value | 0.02 | 0.54 | 0.05 |
| Is breastfed and receives CFoods (6–23 months) | 28.8 | 10.9 | −1.22 |
| Is not breastfed and/or does not receive CFoods (6–23 months) | 27.8 | 9.3 | −1.28 |
| P‐value | 0.46 | 0.71 | 0.03 |
| Receives CFoods a minimum number of times (6–23 months)/day | 28.7 | 9.1 | −1.32 |
| Does not receive CFoods a minimum number of times/day | 24.9 | 10.1 | −1.15 |
| P‐value | 0.02 | 0.399 | 0.000 |
| Is fed a minimum diversity of diet (6–23 months) | 26.2 | 9.0 | −1.16 |
| Is not fed a minimum diversity of diet (6–23 months) | 28.9 | 9.3 | −1.30 |
| P‐value | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.003 |
| Is fed iron‐rich foods (6–23 months) | 26.4 | 5.0 | −1.10 |
| Is not fed iron‐rich foods (6–23 months) | 29.2 | 9.9 | −1.32 |
| P‐value | 0.79 | 0.1 | 0.39 |
| All combined | 22.7 | 7.4 | −0.98 |
CFoods, complementary foods.