Table 6.
Prevalence of stunting and mean height‐for‐age in children 0–23 months old by household characteristics. In‐depth analysis of the 2012 Comprehensive Nutrition Survey in the state of Maharashtra, India
| Proportion (%) of children stunted (HAZ < −2) | Proportion (%) of children severely stunted (HAZ < −3) | Children's mean height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Residence | |||
| Urban | 20.1 | 6.8 | −0.9 |
| Rural | 24.7 | 7.9 | −1.1 |
| P‐value | 0.004 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Region | |||
| Amaravati | 23.5 | 6.9 | −1.1 |
| Aurangabad | 25.1 | 7.9 | −1.0 |
| Konkani | 22.2 | 6.9 | −0.9 |
| Nagpur | 14.3 | 2.2 | −0.8 |
| Nashik | 31.0 | 14.5 | −1.2 |
| Pune | 18.0 | 4.4 | −0.8 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Caste/tribe | |||
| Scheduled Caste | 22.7 | 10.3 | −1.1 |
| Scheduled Tribe | 27.1 | 10.1 | −1.1 |
| Other backward class | 19.4 | 5.8 | −0.9 |
| Other | 21.8 | 5.4 | −0.9 |
| P‐value | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Wealth index | |||
| Poorest | 25.7 | 9.6 | −1.0 |
| Second | 25.6 | 7.7 | −1.1 |
| Middle | 26.1 | 9.3 | −1.1 |
| Fourth | 22.9 | 7.1 | −0.9 |
| Richest | 12.8 | 3.3 | −0.7 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Number of household members | |||
| ≤4 | 22.0 | 7.0 | −1.0 |
| >4 | 22.7 | 7.4 | −1.0 |
| P‐value | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Water, hygiene and sanitation | |||
| Household uses piped water into dwelling/yard/plot | 19.9 | 10.4 | −0.9 |
| Household does use piped water into dwelling/yard/plot | 22.9 | 7.1 | −1.0 |
| P‐value | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Household uses improved sanitation facilities | 16.1 | 3.5 | −0.8 |
| Household uses unimproved sanitation facilities | 26.7 | 9.8 | −1.1 |
| P‐value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Household food security | |||
| Household is food secure | 19.6 | 5.0 | −0.9 |
| Household is food insecure | 26.9 | 10.6 | −1.1 |
| P‐value | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.2 |
| Household is food secure | 19.6 | 5.0 | −0.9 |
| Household is mildly food insecure | 24.7 | 7.3 | −1.1 |
| Household is moderately food insecure | 27.7 | 11.0 | −1.2 |
| Household is severely food insecure | 28.8 | 14.3 | −1.1 |
| P‐value | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Household access to ICDS | |||
| Household has access to ICDS services | 25.1 | 8.7 | −1.1 |
| Household does not have access to ICDS services | 18.4 | 5.2 | −0.8 |
| P‐value | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| All combined | 22.7 | 7.4 | −0.98 |
HAZ, height‐for‐age z‐score; ICDS, Integrated Child Development Services.