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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2016 Jun 9;60:249–265. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.06.005
U(Unmatched) Mean % Bias Reduction t-test
M (Matched) Treated Control %bias |bias| t p>|t|
TANF U 0.20588 0.39558 −42.2 −5.68 0
M 0.21304 0.24783 −7.7 81.7 −0.88 0.377
SNAP U 0.42017 0.59371 −35.2 −5.06 0
M 0.43478 0.44348 −1.8 95 −0.19 0.851
Mother’s city of residence U 8.0336 8.6165 −11.8 −1.65 0.098
M 8.113 8.5087 −8 32.1 −0.88 0.382
Mother has good knowledge
of the CS system
U 0.33613 0.53681 −41.3 −5.8 0
M 0.34348 0.41304 −14.3 65.3 −1.54 0.125
Mother thinks financial support
from father important
U 0.7395 0.84337 −25.7 −3.97 0
M 0.75652 0.78261 −6.5 74.9 −0.66 0.508
# of economic hardships mother
experienced
U 0.98319 1.3072 −19.6 −2.76 0.006
M 0.9913 1.1348 −8.7 55.7 −0.98 0.329
Mother had income from earning
last year
U 0.55882 0.73159 −36.7 −5.49 0
M 0.57391 0.61304 −8.3 77.4 −0.85 0.394
Mother has children with other
men
U 0.34454 0.40629 −12.8 −1.81 0.071
M 0.33913 0.34783 −1.8 85.9 −0.2 0.845
Mother is older than 30 years old U 0.21849 0.13855 21 3.22 0.001
M 0.20435 0.2087 −1.1 94.6 −0.11 0.909
Mother has more than high school
education
U 0.37815 0.58969 −43.3 −6.17 0
M 0.3913 0.43913 −9.8 77.4 −1.04 0.299
Mother is Hispanic U 0.76471 0.21687 130.8 18.96 0
M 0.75652 0.75652 0 100 0 1
Mother is Black U 0.14706 0.58568 −102.1 −13.2 0
M 0.15217 0.15652 −1 99 −0.13 0.898
Mother is of other race U 0.04622 0.02075 14.2 2.37 0.018
M 0.04783 0.03913 4.8 65.9 0.46 0.648
Father ever in jail U 0.01261 0.03882 −16.6 −2.04 0.042
M 0.01304 0.0087 2.8 83.4 0.45 0.654
Father worked when child was 1
year old
U 0.83613 0.7095 30.5 4.09 0
M 0.83043 0.8087 5.2 82.8 0.61 0.545
Father has children with other
women
U 0.30252 0.40361 −21.2 −2.98 0.003
M 0.3087 0.3087 0 100 0 1
Father and mother in steady
relationship
U 0.85294 0.80321 13.2 1.82 0.069
M 0.85652 0.86957 −3.5 73.8 −0.41 0.685

Source: Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Survey, the Baseline, Age 1 and Age 3 Data.