Table 1. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary characteristics of participants according to tertiles of total polyphenol intake.
ISA-Capital study. Sao Paulo.
| Total polyphenol intake, median (IQR) or n (%) | Tertile of total polyphenol intake, median (IQR) or n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | T1 (Lowest) | T2 (Middle) | T3 (Highest) | P-value a | |
| Number of subjects (N = 550) | 167 | 179 | 204 | ||
| Sociodemographic | |||||
| Age (years) | 43 (31, 56) | 41 (29, 53) | 40 (32, 57) | 47 (33, 59) | 0.0191 |
| Age group | |||||
| Adults | 261 (80.2) | 88 (84.0) | 85 (81.3) | 88 (75.1) | 0.0352 |
| Older adults | 289 (19.8) | 79 (16.0) | 94 (18.7) | 116 (24.9) | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 204 (46.0) | 61 (43.2) | 66 (49.5) | 77 (45.2) | 0.5932 |
| Female | 346 (54.0) | 106 (56.8) | 113 (50.5) | 127 (54.8) | |
| Race | |||||
| White | 340 (61.0) | 95 (62.8) | 111 (56.7) | 134 (63.4) | 0.5492 |
| Others | 210 (39.0) | 72 (37.2) | 68 (43.3) | 70 (36.6) | |
| Educational level | |||||
| Medium | 287 (30.1) | 87 (28.8) | 91 (28.9) | 109 (32.6) | 0.7892 |
| High | 263 (69.9) | 80 (71.2) | 88 (71.1) | 95 (67.4) | |
| Body mass index (Kg/m2) | |||||
| Under and normal weight | 194 (43.7) | 62 (46.4) | 68 (48.2) | 64 (36.6) | 0.2082 |
| Overweight | 356 (56.3) | 105 (53.6) | 111 (51.8) | 140 (63.4) | |
| Physical activity | |||||
| Low active | 277 (41.5) | 77 (37.2) | 102 (50.4) | 98 (36.9) | 0.0892 |
| Active | 272 (58.5) | 90 (62.8) | 76 (49.6) | 106 (63.1) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| No smoker | 303 (58.3) | 89 (61.3) | 103 (60.0) | 111 (53.6) | 0.4582 |
| Current smoker | 247 (41.7) | 78 (38.7) | 76 (40.0) | 93 (46.4) | |
| Hypertension | |||||
| No | 283 (67.9) | 82 (62.6) | 102 (77.3) | 99 (63.9) | 0.0402 |
| Yes | 267 (32.1) | 85(37.4) | 77 (22.7) | 105 (36.1) | |
| Misreporting | |||||
| Under-reporting | 94 (17.0) | 39 (24.2) | 29 (12.9) | 26 (13.8) | 0.2022 |
| Plausible-reporting | 349 (66.3) | 103 (62.7) | 112 (66.7) | 134 (69.6) | |
| Over-reporting | 80 (16.7) | 15 (13.1) | 30 (20.4) | 35 (16.6) | |
| Dietary | |||||
| Polyphenol intake (mg/d) | 360.6 (233.0, 478.6) | 192.2 (122.4, 233.0) | 360.7 (329.6, 401.9) | 566.9 (478.6, 659.7) | <0.0011 |
| Alcohol intake (g/d) | 0.1 (0.0, 3.7) | 0.1 (0.0, 3.7) | 0.2 (0.0, 2.8) | 0.3 (0.0, 3.7) | 0.1901 |
| Sodium (mg/d) | 3103.3 (2563.4, 3846.2) | 2937.2 (2509.9, 3820.7) | 3241.8 (2528.2, 3890.1) | 3046.4 (2611.0, 3450.9) | 0.5031 |
| Dietary fiber (g/d) | 16.5 (12.9, 19.7) | 14.4 (11.8, 18.9) | 16.8 (13.8, 19.2) | 17.2 (14.2, 20.8) | 0.0121 |
| Saturated fat (g/d) | 17.7 (13.3, 23.5) | 18.5 (14.9, 24.8) | 17.5 (13.5, 23.5) | 17.3 (12.2, 21.7) | 0.0451 |
| Total energy intake (kcal/d) | 1693.2 (1361.1, 2017.5) | 1623.1 (1310.9, 2054.5) | 1743.4 (1423.9, 2088.6) | 1715.3 (1375.4, 2017.5) | 0.4421 |
Abbreviation: IQR: Interquartile Range. Comparisons across categories were performed by using 1 Kruskall-Wallis test; 2 chi-squared. The sample weight was considered for statistical analysis. For this reason, the values of proportion of each category of variable aren′t compatible with the frequency of individuals.
a p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.