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. 2016 Mar 3;4:1–14. doi: 10.2147/HP.S101133

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of chronic hypoxia on key markers of the Akt-mTORC1 pathway.

Notes: (A) Phospho-Akt, (B) phospho-mTOR, (C) phospho-S6K1, (D) phospho-4E-BP1, (E) phospho-AMPK, (F) S6K1 activity, and (G) AMPK activity in human skeletal muscle before (PRE) and after (POST) 15 days of exposure to environmental hypoxia. (H) Correlation between delta (POST–PRE) AMPK and S6K1 activities. (I) Correlation between delta (POST–PRE) phospho-S6K1 and LC3b-II/I ratio. (J) Correlation between delta (POST–PRE) phospho-S6K1 and HIF-1α protein content. (K) Representative blots. Dashed lines are individual values, and solid lines are mean ± SEM (n=8).

Abbreviations: 4E-BP1, 4E-binding protein 1; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; LC3b, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; S6K1, S6 kinase 1; SEM, standard error of mean.