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. 2016 Sep 24;17(10):1624. doi: 10.3390/ijms17101624

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of dietary fat on hepatic gene expression. Wild-type (Pparα+/+) and total Pparα knockout (Pparα−/−) mice were fed ad libitum or fasted for 24 h and then euthanized at ZT14. (a) Hierarchical clustering of hepatic gene expression data determined for 32 genes related to lipid metabolism and nuclear receptor signalling via qRT-PCR of liver samples from male Pparα+/+ and Pparα−/− mice; (b–d) Quantification of Fasn, Scd1, Pnpla3, Pparα, Cyp4a14, Cyp4a10, Acox1, Bien, Hmgcs2, Fgf21, Acat1 mRNA expression levels in the liver as determined by qRT-PCR. Data were normalized to the expression of TATA-binding protein (TBP). Data represent mean ± SEM. * significant genotype effect, # significant effect of diet composition, § significant effect of fasting. *, #, § p ≤ 0.05. **, ##, §§ p ≤ 0.01. ***, ###, §§§ p ≤ 0.001. REF: standard diet; FISH: diet enriched in n-3 essential fatty acids from fish oil; EFAD: essential fatty acid-deficient diet; FF: fat-free diet.