Table 4.

Quitting smoking for adults with and without alcohol and substance use disorders.

Reference	Substance	Quitting Smoking (cross-sectional data)a (% or OR/95% CI)	Quitting Smoking (longidutidal data)b (% or OR/95% CI)
Lasser et al., 200019	No diagnosis	42.5
	Lifetime alcohol abuse or dependence	34.0*
	Lifetime substance abuse or dependence	32.1*
	Past-month alcohol abuse or dependence	16.9*
	Past-month substance abuse or dependence	22.4*
Agosti et al., 200923	Full sample	10.0
	No lifetime substance use disorder	4.6
	Past-year remitted substance use disorder	12.0*
	Past-year non-remitted substance use disorder	7.0
Ayo-Yusuf et al., 201034	Full sample	14.1
	Never drank alcohol	16.4
	No alcohol dependence	16.2
	Past alcohol dependence	25.0*
	Current alcohol dependence	6.5*
Hickman et al., 201024	No lifetime psychiatric diagnosis	37.9
	Lifetime alcohol abuse	28.3*
	Lifetime alcohol dependence	34.1*
	Lifetime substance abuse	25.9*
	Lifetime substance dependence	31.4*
	No past-year psychiatric diagnosis	37.2
	Past-year alcohol abuse	14.4*
	Past-year alcohol dependence	11.6*
	Past-year substance abuse	19.0*
	Past-year substance dependence	5.5*
Weinberger et al., 201335
	No history of alcohol use disorder		16.9
	Past-year alcohol use disorder		12.4*
	Past alcohol use disorder		12.9*
	No history of substance use disorder		16.3
	Past-year substance use disorder		8.6*
	Past substance use disorder		10.8*
	No history of cannabis use disorder		15.8
	Past-year cannabis use disorder		8.7*
	Past cannabis use disorder		11.5*
Smith et al., 201428
	No diagnosis	48.3	22.3
	Lifetime alcohol abuse or dependence	34.6*c	17.6*c
	Lifetime substance abuse or dependence	25.7*c	15.4*c
	Past-year alcohol abuse or dependence	17.0*c	17.7*c
	Past-year substance abuse or dependence	9.8*c	13.8*c
Smith et al., 201436	Men with a past-year AUD		OR=0.88*
	(versus men with no past-year AUD)		CI=0.77, 0.99
	Women with a past-year AUD		OR=0.78*
	(versus women with no past-year AUD)		CI=0.68, 0.90

Notes: Data in italics represent the comparison group (e.g., the full respondent sample, adults with no alcohol or substance use disorder diagnosis). Percentages are presented when possible with an asterisk to denote significant comparisons. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confident intervals (CIs) are presented when percentages were not reported in the article and include an asterisk when significant (i.e., CI does not overlap with 1). Unadjusted ORs are presented unless otherwise noted.

^aCross-sectional data collection; participants who reported they were lifetime smokers who were not current smokers

^bLongitudinal data collection; participants who were smoking at one assessment and were not smoking at a later assessment

^cAnalyses adjusted for age, gender, and education