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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2016 Apr 28;42(12):1839–1866. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000281

Appendix B.

Experimental questions and response options for the comprehension questions used in Experiment 2. Item numbers correspond to those used in Experiment 1 (antonym stimulus set; note that items 67 and 68 were excluded for Experiment 2 and therefore there are no questions with those item numbers). Question version a was presented in the identical condition, version b was presented in the antonym condition, version c was presented in the plausible unrelated condition, and version d was presented in the implausible unrelated condition.

Item Question Option 1 Option 2
1 a Is Jane traveling to San Francisco? YES NO
b How will Jane travel to Los Angeles? SOUTH NORTH
c How will Jane travel to Los Angeles? SOUTH COACH
d Which of these words did you read? SOUTH HOUSE
2 a Does the family take a plane for their vacation? YES NO
b How does the family get to their vacation? NORTH SOUTH
c How does the family get to their vacation? NORTH COACH
d Which of these words did you read? NORTH HOUSE
3 a Did his friend give him advice? YES NO
b What was he advised to do with the bribe? ACCEPT REFUSE
c What was he advised to do with the bribe? ACCEPT REPORT
d Which of these words did you read? ACCEPT DEVICE
4 a Was Jane contemplating a bonus? YES NO
b What would Jane never do with a bonus? REFUSE ACCEPT
c What would Jane never do with a bonus? REFUSE REPORT
d Which of these words did you read? REFUSE DEVICE
5 a Was there a dog in the window? YES NO
b What did the ghost just do? APPEARED VANISHED
c What did the ghost just do? APPEARED SCREAMED
d Which of these words did you read? APPEARED NOMINATE
6 a Was the girl at the mall? YES NO
b What did the girl just do? VANISHED APPEARED
c What did the girl just do? VANISHED SCREAMED
d Which of these words did you read? VANISHED NOMINATE
7 a Does Jenny buy lotion? YES NO
b What lotion bottles does Jenny prefer? LARGE SMALL
c What lotion bottles does Jenny prefer? LARGE FANCY
d Which of these words did you read? LARGE WHALE
8 a Were there earrings on display? YES NO
b What kind of earrings did she like? SMALL LARGE
c What kind of earrings did she like? SMALL FANCY
d Which of these words did you read? SMALL WHALE
9 a Did George wear a T-shirt? YES NO
b What type of suit did George wear? BLACK WHITE
c What type of suit did George wear? BLACK SHINY
d Which of these words did you read? BLACK YEARS
10 a Did Deb drive a motorcycle? YES NO
b What type of car did Deb test drive? WHITE BLACK
c What type of car did Deb test drive? WHITE SHINY
d Which of these words did you read? WHITE YEARS
11 a Did the new student answer the question? YES NO
b How did the student answer the question? BOLDLY MEEKLY
c How did the student answer the question? BOLDLY EASILY
d Which of these words did you read? BOLDLY KILLER
12 a Was Karen the last person to jump over the stream? YES NO
b How did she jump? MEEKLY BOLDLY
c How did she jump? MEEKLY EASILY
d Which of these words did you read? MEEKLY KILLER
13 a Did the children fix the toilet? YES NO
b How are the children? CLEVER STUPID
c How are the children? CLEVER CLUMSY
d Which of these words did you read? CLEVER ROAMER
14 a Does my nephew have homework? YES NO
b How is the nephew with housework? STUPID CLEVER
c How is the nephew with housework? STUPID CLUMSY
d Which of these words did you read? STUPID ROAMER
15 a Did the food heat up on the drive? YES NO
b After the trip, how was the food? COOL WARM
c After the trip, how was the food? COOL SOFT
d Which of these words did you read? COOL NOSE
16 a Does David have a temperature preference for his potato salad? YES NO
b What kind of salad does David like? WARM COOL
c What kind of salad does David like? WARM SOFT
d Which of these words did you read? WARM NOSE
17 a Does the teacher have students? YES NO
b How does the teacher's personality seem? KIND MEAN
c How does the teacher's personality seem? KIND DULL
d Which of these words did you read? KIND LUCK
18 a Did Jen have classmates? YES NO
b What is Jen's classmate like? MEAN KIND
c What is Jen's classmate like? MEAN DULL
d Which of these words did you read? MEAN LUCK
19 a Were we able to give Sam a ride? YES NO
b When did the train arrive? DUSK DAWN
c When did the train arrive? DUSK OURS
d Which of these words did you read? DUSK YEAR
20 a Are we always waiting for Mindy and her dog? YES NO
b When did Mindy's dog wake up? DAWN DUSK
c When did Mindy's dog wake up? DAWN OURS
d Which of these words did you read? DAWN YEAR
21 a Did we have a final for the class? YES NO
b How was the final compared to the midterm? EASY HARD
c How was the final compared to the midterm? EASY LONG
d Which of these words did you read? EASY PENS
22 a Was the hike down a canyon? YES NO
b What was the mountain hike like? HARD EASY
c What was the mountain hike like? HARD LONG
d Which of these words did you read? HARD PENS
23 a Did Kevin's brother eat all the fruit? YES NO
b What kind of bread did he eat? FRESH STALE
c What kind of bread did he eat? FRESH BAKED
d Which of these words did you read? FRESH PLACE
24 a Did the supermarket sell pastries on the weekend? YES NO
b What kind of pastries was the supermarket selling? STALE FRESH
c What kind of pastries was the supermarket selling? STALE BAKED
d Which of these words did you read? STALE PLACE
25 a Does everyone look skinny next to Henry? YES NO
b What would someone next to Henry look like? GIANT DWARF
c What would someone next to Henry look like? GIANT MODEL
d Which of these words did you read? GIANT PEELS
26 a Was there someone famous at the beach? YES NO
b Who did I see at the beach yesterday? DWARF GIANT
c Who did I see at the beach yesterday? DWARF MODEL
d Which of these words did you read? DWARF PEELS
27 a Was he carrying a bag? YES NO
b What did the box become? HEAVIER LIGHTER
c What did the box become? HEAVIER DIRTIER
d Which of these words did you read? HEAVIER CHECKER
28 a Did Betty go to the gym a lot? YES NO
b How does Betty think she looks? LIGHTER HEAVIER
c How does Betty think she looks? LIGHTER DIRTIER
d Which of these words did you read? LIGHTER CHECKER
29 a Did the girl want less salad? YES NO
b What did the girl ask for regarding the dressing? LESS MORE
c What did the girl ask for regarding the dressing? LESS TART
d Which of these words did you read? LESS BATS
30 a Did John need more pears? YES NO
b What should he have baked into the pie? MORE LESS
c What should he have baked into the pie? MORE TART
d Which of these words did you read? MORE BATS
31 a Did Ron get his pants tailored? YES NO
b How are Ron's pants now? LOOSE TIGHT
c How are Ron's pants now? LOOSE SHORT
d Which of these words did you read? LOOSE POLES
32 a Does the coat fit well? YES NO
b How does the coat fit on the professor? TIGHT LOOSE
c How does the coat fit on the professor? TIGHT SHORT
d Which of these words did you read? TIGHT POLES
33 a Are there dogs at the house? YES NO
b How do the dogs behave when there are visitors? NOISY QUIET
c How do the dogs behave when there are visitors? NOISY EAGER
d Which of these words did you read? NOISY OCEAN
34 a Are the dogs at story time? YES NO
b How are the children at story time? QUIET NOISY
c How are the children at story time? QUIET EAGER
d Which of these words did you read? QUIET OCEAN
35 a Is there a bridge before the town? YES NO
b How does the train pass the bridge? UNDER ABOVE
c How does the train pass the bridge? UNDER ALONG
d Which of these words did you read? UNDER BLAND
36 a Are visitors trying to get to Sarah's house? YES NO
b How do visitors get past the cliff? ABOVE UNDER
c How do visitors get past the cliff? ABOVE ALONG
d Which of these words did you read? ABOVE BLAND
37 a Did Dana get a tattoo yesterday? YES NO
b What kind of tattoo does Dana have? PERMANENT TEMPORARY
c What kind of tattoo does Dana have? PERMANENT OFFENSIVE
d Which of these words did you read? PERMANENT SCHOOLBAG
38 a Did Jeff quit his job yet? YES NO
b What type of job did Jeff have? TEMPORARY PERMANENT
c What type of job did Jeff have? TEMPORARY OFFENSIVE
d Which of these words did you read? TEMPORARY SCHOOLBAG
39 a Are people disagreeing over a jewel? YES NO
b What could nobody agree on about the jewel? REAL FAKE
c What could nobody agree on about the jewel? REAL PINK
d Which of these words did you read? REAL BARS
40 a Did people believe Zoe? YES NO
b What does Zoe deny about her hair color? FAKE REAL
c What does Zoe deny about her hair color? FAKE PINK
d Which of these words did you read? FAKE BARS
41 a Did everyone know about the girl? YES NO
b What was the girl's neighborhood like? RICH POOR
c What was the girl's neighborhood like? RICH LAZY
d Which of these words did you read? RICH MALL
42 a Was the previous roommate popular? YES NO
b What was the roommate like? POOR RICH
c What was the roommate like? POOR LAZY
d Which of these words did you read? POOR MALL
43 a Did Kristy have an exam? YES NO
b How was her answer written? RIGHT WRONG
c How was her answer written? RIGHT BADLY
d Which of these words did you read? RIGHT FLUTE
44 a Was Olga setting up equipment? YES NO
b How did she set up the equipment? WRONG RIGHT
c How did she set up the equipment? WRONG BADLY
d Which of these words did you read? WRONG FLUTE
45 a Does the boy want his vegetables separately? YES NO
b How does the boy like his vegetables? SEPARATE TOGETHER
c How does the boy like his vegetables? SEPARATE LUKEWARM
d Which of these words did you read? SEPARATE DISCOVER
46 a Are they storing food? YES NO
b How must the chemicals be stored? TOGETHER SEPARATE
c How must the chemicals be stored? TOGETHER LUKEWARM
d Which of these words did you read? TOGETHER DISCOVER
47 a Were there many stories in the news? YES NO
b What kind of stories were in the news? SERIOUS TRIVIAL
c What kind of stories were in the news? SERIOUS STRANGE
d Which of these words did you read? SERIOUS ALREADY
48 a Was there an accident? YES NO
b What kind of accident was it? TRIVIAL SERIOUS
c What kind of accident was it? TRIVIAL STRANGE
d Which of these words did you read? TRIVIAL ALREADY
49 a Was there a new event? YES NO
b What was the event considered as? SUCCESS FAILURE
c What was the event considered as? SUCCESS SCANDAL
d Which of these words did you read? SUCCESS KITTENS
50 a Did the actress join a TV show? YES NO
b What was the TV show considered as? FAILURE SUCCESS
c What was the TV show considered as? FAILURE SCANDAL
d Which of these words did you read? FAILURE KITTENS
51 a Was the man given cats? YES NO
b What were the dogs like, to cause his complaint? TAME WILD
c What were the dogs like, to cause his complaint? TAME LOUD
d Which of these words did you read? TAME BALL
52 a Did the circus have lions? YES NO
b What kind of lions were at the circus? WILD TAME
c What kind of lions were at the circus? WILD LOUD
d Which of these words did you read? WILD BALL
53 a Does Jessica drive on the highway? YES NO
b How does Jessica drive? FAST SLOW
c How does Jessica drive? FAST LONG
d Which of these words did you read? FAST YELP
54 a Was the boat trip enjoyable? YES NO
b How was the boat trip? SLOW FAST
c How was the boat trip? SLOW LONG
d Which of these words did you read? SLOW YELP
55 a Does she like to sleep on the floor? YES NO
b What kind of mattresses does she prefer? SOFT HARD
c What kind of mattresses does she prefer? SOFT MANY
d Which of these words did you read? SOFT JUMP
56 a Does Jason like eating fruit while doing homework? YES NO
b What kind of candy does he eat? HARD SOFT
c What kind of candy does he eat? HARD MANY
d Which of these words did you read? HARD JUMP
57 a Are the fruits special? YES NO
b What happened to the special fruit? EXPORTED IMPORTED
c What happened to the special fruit? EXPORTED SNATCHED
d Which of these words did you read? EXPORTED BELIEVER
58 a Was there an embargo? YES NO
b What did people do with the goods? IMPORTED EXPORTED
c What did people do with the goods? IMPORTED SNATCHED
d Which of these words did you read? IMPORTED BELIEVER
59 a Does Joshua go to school? YES NO
b What is Joshua always like? DRUNK SOBER
c What is Joshua always like? DRUNK ANGRY
d Which of these words did you read? DRUNK GAUGE
60 a Did Henry have a party last week? YES NO
b How were the people at Henry's party? SOBER DRUNK
c How were the people at Henry's party? SOBER ANGRY
d Which of these words did you read? SOBER GAUGE
61 a Was the woman walking her cat? YES NO
b What kind of dogs was she walking? TINY HUGE
c What kind of dogs was she walking? TINY GRAY
d Which of these words did you read? TINY WHAT
62 a Does Dale like horses? YES NO
b What kind of horse does Dale like? HUGE TINY
c What kind of horse does Dale like? HUGE GRAY
d Which of these words did you read? HUGE WHAT
63 a Did he put them with the dishes? YES NO
b Where did Ian put the containers? ABOVE BELOW
c Where did Ian put the containers? ABOVE ASIDE
d Which of these words did you read? ABOVE HAIRY
64 a Was Alex looking for her earring? YES NO
b Where were her glasses? BELOW ABOVE
c Where were her glasses? BELOW ASIDE
d Which of these words did you read? BELOW HAIRY
65 a Does she like giving candy to the children? YES NO
b What does she do with the apples? GIVE TAKE
c What does she do with the apples? GIVE SHOW
d Which of these words did you read? GIVE CAPE
66 a Did the student forget to do the research paper? YES NO
b What did he do with the paper? TAKE GIVE
c What did he do with the paper? TAKE SHOW
d Which of these words did you read? TAKE CAPE
69 a Are Robert's tools the best? YES NO
b How are Robert's tools? INFERIOR SUPERIOR
c How are Robert's tools? INFERIOR DELICATE
d Which of these words did you read? INFERIOR ABSENTLY
70 a Does the bakery sell pastries? YES NO
b How are the pastries at this bakery? SUPERIOR INFERIOR
c How are the pastries at this bakery? SUPERIOR DELICATE
d Which of these words did you read? SUPERIOR ABSENTLY
71 a Did Bob paint the building more than once? YES NO
b What did Bob have to repaint? EXTERIOR INTERIOR
c What did Bob have to repaint? EXTERIOR INSIGNIA
d Which of these words did you read? EXTERIOR BATHROBE
72 a Is the company shoddy-looking? YES NO
b Which part of the company is fancy? INTERIOR EXTERIOR
c Which part of the company is fancy? INTERIOR INSIGNIA
d Which of these words did you read? INTERIOR BATHROBE
73 a Was the jar filled with candies? YES NO
b How did the cookie level change? DECREASED INCREASED
c How did the cookie level change? DECREASED UNCHANGED
d Which of these words did you read? DECREASED AFTERGLOW
74 a Was there classwork? YES NO
b How did the classwork load change? INCREASED DECREASED
c How did the classwork load change? INCREASED UNCHANGED
d Which of these words did you read? INCREASED AFTERGLOW
75 a Did I lose my keys in the garden? YES NO
b What did I do to the keys? FIND LOSE
c What did I do to the keys? FIND TOSS
d Which of these words did you read? FIND BLUE
76 a Did Darren lose his watch? YES NO
b What did he do to the ring? LOSE FIND
c What did he do to the ring? LOSE TOSS
d Which of these words did you read? LOSE BLUE
77 a Was the front door left open? YES NO
b How did they leave the garage door? CLOSED OPENED
c How did they leave the garage door? CLOSED BROKEN
d Which of these words did you read? CLOSED BANANA
78 a Is the store normally closed on the weekend? YES NO
b Over the weekend, how was the storefront? OPENED CLOSED
c Over the weekend, how was the storefront? OPENED BROKEN
d Which of these words did you read? OPENED BANANA
79 a Is she arriving in a train? YES NO
b What will her plane be doing this afternoon? ARRIVE DEPART
c What will her plane be doing this afternoon? ARRIVE REFUEL
d Which of these words did you read? ARRIVE TURTLE
80 a Did Gary have any problem with the sudden change in plans? YES NO
b What did Gary have to do? DEPART ARRIVE
c What did Gary have to do? DEPART REFUEL
d Which of these words did you read? DEPART TURTLE
81 a Did the team see the competition? YES NO
b What did the team expect? VICTORY FAILURE
c What did the team expect? VICTORY QUARREL
d Which of these words did you read? VICTORY POLYGON
82 a Did we watch TV last night? YES NO
b What was on TV last night? FAILURE VICTORY
c What was on TV last night? FAILURE QUARREL
d Which of these words did you read? FAILURE POLYGON
83 a Was Ted listening to a singer? YES NO
b What kind of voice did the singer have? LOUD SOFT
c What kind of voice did the singer have? LOUD CUTE
d Which of these words did you read? LOUD LEAP
84 a Was Jeffrey at his office? YES NO
b What kind of music was playing at the party? SOFT LOUD
c What kind of music was playing at the party? SOFT CUTE
d Which of these words did you read? SOFT LEAP
85 a Does Amanda like sour dessert? YES NO
b What kind of soup does Amanda prefer? SALTY BLAND
c What kind of soup does Amanda prefer? SALTY CLEAR
d Which of these words did you read? SALTY SHINE
86 a Is the broth spicy? YES NO
b What was the broth like? BLAND SALTY
c What was the broth like? BLAND CLEAR
d Which of these words did you read? BLAND SHINE
87 a Was there a knife in the closet? YES NO
b What type of knife did she find? SHARP BLUNT
c What type of knife did she find? SHARP SHINY
d Which of these words did you read? SHARP CHAIR
88 a Were the swords plain? YES NO
b What were the museum swords like? BLUNT SHARP
c What were the museum swords like? BLUNT SHINY
d Which of these words did you read? BLUNT CHAIR
89 a Is my roommate's furniture different from mine? YES NO
b How was the roommate's furniture? FANCY PLAIN
c How was the roommate's furniture? FANCY DIRTY
d Which of these words did you read? FANCY DRINK
90 a Did Anne like the restaurant? YES NO
b What was the restaurant like? PLAIN FANCY
c What was the restaurant like? PLAIN DIRTY
d Which of these words did you read? PLAIN DRINK
91 a Does the company try to prevent accidents? YES NO
b What are the workers supposed to do with the crane? RAISE LOWER
c What are the workers supposed to do with the crane? RAISE DRIVE
d Which of these words did you read? RAISE TABLE
92 a Did Jacob remember the instructions? YES NO
b What was he supposed to do with the plow? LOWER RAISE
c What was he supposed to do with the plow? LOWER DRIVE
d Which of these words did you read? LOWER TABLE
93 a Was the boulder on the road? YES NO
b What are they trying to do with the boulder? PULL PUSH
c What are they trying to do with the boulder? PULL DROP
d Which of these words did you read? PULL BLUE
94 a Is the light green? YES NO
b What is supposed to be done with the lever? PUSH PULL
c What is supposed to be done with the lever? PUSH DROP
d Which of these words did you read? PUSH BLUE
95 a Is there a large sign in the lab? YES NO
b Which area in the lab was marked? DANGER SAFETY
c Which area in the lab was marked? DANGER OFFICE
d Which of these words did you read? DANGER EASILY
96 a Is his mother concerned? YES NO
b What issues is his mother concerned with? SAFETY DANGER
c What issues is his mother concerned with? SAFETY OFFICE
d Which of these words did you read? SAFETY EASILY
97 a Was the class looking at sculptures? YES NO
b What was repeated in the paintings? ANGEL DEVIL
c What was repeated in the paintings? ANGEL DAISY
d Which of these words did you read? ANGEL CRAWL
98 a Did Jenna win a prize? YES NO
b What costume did Jenna wear? DEVIL ANGEL
c What costume did Jenna wear? DEVIL DAISY
d Which of these words did you read? DEVIL CRAWL
99 a Does Amy have a brother? YES NO
b What doesn't he do with his parents? ARGUES AGREES
c What doesn't he do with his parents? ARGUES DRIVES
d Which of these words did you read? ARGUES DANCER
100 a Is the couple well known? YES NO
b What does the couple always do with each other? AGREES ARGUES
c What does the couple always do with each other? AGREES DRIVES
d Which of these words did you read? AGREES DANCER
101 a Were the kids wearing sandals? YES NO
b What did the kids do about their untied laces? IGNORE NOTICE
c What did the kids do about their untied laces? IGNORE SCREAM
d Which of these words did you read? IGNORE LAPTOP
102 a Did the sink overflow? YES NO
b What shouldn't the janitor do about the toilet? NOTICE IGNORE
c What shouldn't the janitor do about the toilet? NOTICE SCREAM
d Which of these words did you read? NOTICE LAPTOP
103 a Does the emperor give the orders? YES NO
b What does the emperor allow court officials to do? ENTER LEAVE
c What does the emperor allow court officials to do? ENTER DRINK
d Which of these words did you read? ENTER TIGER
104 a Are the patrons urged rudely? YES NO
b How do patrons use the side door? LEAVE ENTER
c How do patrons use the side door? LEAVE DRINK
d Which of these words did you read? LEAVE TIGER
105 a Does the artist hate landscapes? YES NO
b What kind of landscapes does the artist paint? RURAL URBAN
c What kind of landscapes does the artist paint? RURAL GREEN
d Which of these words did you read? RURAL STARE
106 a Are the newlyweds moving? YES NO
b What kind of place did they move to? URBAN RURAL
c What kind of place did they move to? URBAN GREEN
d Which of these words did you read? URBAN STARE
107 a Is everyone looking at a bridge? YES NO
b What is everyone looking at on the bridge? DAMAGE REPAIR
c What is everyone looking at on the bridge? DAMAGE DANCES
d Which of these words did you read? DAMAGE STIFLE
108 a Is the PTA talking about a zoo? YES NO
b What is happening at school? REPAIR DAMAGE
c What is happening at school? REPAIR DANCES
d Which of these words did you read? REPAIR STIFLE
109 a Does Lucy want to go to the dance? YES NO
b What would her parents do about Lucy going to the dance? FORBID PERMIT
c What would her parents do about Lucy going to the dance? FORBID ESCORT
d Which of these words did you read? FORBID JAGGED
110 a Does the girl want to go to a museum? YES NO
b What would David do about the girl going out? PERMIT FORBID
c What would David do about the girl going out? PERMIT ESCORT
d Which of these words did you read? PERMIT JAGGED
111 a Are the kids going on vacation? YES NO
b Which vacation were the kids leaving for? SUMMER WINTER
c Which vacation were the kids leaving for? SUMMER SCHOOL
d Which of these words did you read? SUMMER CHANGE
112 a Did they have to play inside? YES NO
b When did the children play inside? WINTER SUMMER
c When did the children play inside? WINTER SCHOOL
d Which of these words did you read? WINTER CHANGE