Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters in survivors and nonsurvivors with acute PE
| Overall | Non-Survivors | Survivors | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter (n) | 69 | 14 | 55 | |
| TAPSE (52) (cm) | 1.9 [1.5–2.3] | 2.1 [1.2–2.4] | 1.9 [1.6–2.2] | 0.82 |
| Global RVLS (69) (%) | −18.1 [−20.8–14.9] | −15.7 [−19.2–12.1] | −18.6 [−21.8–15.6] | 0.05 |
| Average Septal RV Wall strain (69) (%) | −17.8 [−22.7–13.9] | −16.8 [−18.6–9.3] | −17.8 [−22.9–14.7] | 0.20 |
| Average Free Wall RV Wall strain (69) (%) | −18.2 [−22.8–13.9] | −15 [−18.7–10.3] | −19.2 [−23.2–14.3] | 0.04 |
| RV Tei Index (59) | 0.5 [0.4–0.5] | 0.5 [0.5–0.6] | 0.5 [0.4–0.5] | 0.01 |
| Pulmonary Artery Acceleration Time (64) (ms × 10) | 9.5 [7–12] | 9 [7–10] | 10 [7–12] | 0.58 |
| RV/LV ratio in systole (52) | 1 [0.8–1.4] | 1.1 [1–1.4] | 1 [0.8–1.5] | 0.74 |
| RV/LV ratio in diastole (52) | 0.7 [0.6–0.9] | 0.8 [0.7–1] | 0.7 [0.6–0.9] | 0.35 |
| RV base (42) (cm) | 3.8 [3.3–4.3] | 4.2 [3.5–4.3] | 3.7 [3.3–4.3] | 0.61 |
| RV middle (39) (cm) | 3.3 [2.9–3.6] | 3.5 [3–4.5] | 3.3 [2.9–3.6] | 0.31 |
| RV length (39) (cm) | 7.5 [7–7.9] | 7.5 [7.2–7.8] | 7.5 [6.9–7.9] | 0.61 |
| RV diastolic diameter (52) (cm) | 2.7 [2.1–3.1] | 2.7 [2.3–3.1] | 2.7 [2.1–3.2] | 0.41 |
| LV diastolic diameter (52) (cm) | 3.5 [2.9–4.1] | 3.2 [2.9–3.8] | 3.6 [3–4.2] | 0.63 |
| RV systolic diameter (52) (cm) | 2.4 [2.1–2.9] | 2.6 [2.2–2.9] | 2.4 [2–2.9] | 0.57 |
| LV systolic diameter (34) (cm) | 2.3 [1.9–2.7] | 2.2 [1.9–3] | 2.4 [2–2.6] | 0.65 |
| RV fractional area change (67) (%) | 34.4 [27.6–43.1] | 27.9 [19.6–35.8] | 38.6 [28.9–43.8] | 0.02 |
| RV area in diastole (67) (cm2) | 24.3 [19.9–31] | 25 [22–44] | 24.1 [19.3–29.8] | 0.22 |
| RV area in Systole (67) (cm2) | 16.8 [11.4–19.6] | 16.8 [14.6–26.3] | 16.9 [11.1–19.4] | 0.20 |
| RV basal free wall strain (69) (%) | −21.4 [−27.4–13.5] | −14.8 [−23.9–10.9] | −22.4 [−28.2–16.1] | 0.06 |
| RV middle free wall strain (69) (%) | −16.3 [−22.6–9.5] | −12.4 [−14.5–9.2] | −17.9 [−23.5–9.8] | 0.10 |
| RV apical free wall strain (69) (%) | −13.9 [−21.4–8.3] | −11.4 [−15.2–7.7] | −14.9 [−21.4–9.2] | 0.33 |
| RV basal septal strain (69) (%) | −19 [−24.5–13.9] | −17.1 [−20.1–13] | −19.6 [−24.8–13.9] | 0.23 |
| RV middle septal strain (69) (%) | −18.4 [−23.3–13.7] | −15.6 [−22.8–8.5] | −19 [−22.8–14.2] | 0.32 |
| RV apical septal strain (69) (%) | −16 [−19.7–9.5] | −12.1 [−17.7–7] | −16.4 [−19.9–9.8] | 0.15 |
| RV subjective size | 0.28 | |||
| Normal RV size | 39 (56.52) | 7 (50) | 32 (58.18) | |
| Mild RV dilation | 11 (15.94) | 3 (21.43) | 8 (14.55) | |
| Moderate RV dilation | 12 (17.39) | 1 (7.14) | 11 (20) | |
| Severe RV dilation | 7 (10.14) | 3 (21.43) | 4 (7.27) | |
| RV subjective function | 0.60 | |||
| Normal RV function | 38 (55.07) | 6 (42.86) | 32 (58.18) | |
| Mildly reduced RV function | 10 (14.49) | 2 (14.29) | 8 (14.55) | |
| Moderately reduced RV function | 15 (21.74) | 4 (28.57) | 11 (20) | |
| Severely reduced RV function | 6 (8.7) | 2 (14.29) | 4 (7.27) | |
| LV ejection fraction (69) | 0.07 | |||
| LV ejection fraction < 40 % | 6 (8.7) | 3 (21.43) | 3 (5.45) | |
| LV ejection fraction 40–50 % | 6 (8.7) | 2 (14.29) | 4 (7.27) | |
| LV ejection fraction >50 % | 57 (82.61) | 9 (64.29) | 48 (87.27) | |
Shown are median and inter-quartile range in brackets or number of patients with percent of patients in parentheses. P-value denotes comparison between non-survivors and survivors
Abbreviations: RV right ventricle, LV left ventricle, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RVLS RV longitudinal strain