Table 2.
Fetal and neonatal glioblastoma (n = 45)
| Female/male | 21/17 = 1.23a |
| Fetusesb | 28 |
| Neonatesc | 17 |
| Gestation (weeks) | 36, range 29–40 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3152, range 1400–4270 |
| Maternal history | |
| Maternal age (years) | 27 years, range 17–38 |
| Gravida | G1 9, G2 2, G4 1, G5 2 |
| Delivery | |
| Vaginal | 26 |
| Cesarian section | 19 |
| Termination of pregnancy | 3 |
| Initial findings | |
| Macrocephalus | 28 |
| Hydrocephalus | 27 |
| Intracranial mass on imaging | 26 |
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 13 |
| Bulging anterior fontanel | 13 |
| Stillbirth | 5 |
| Seizures | 3 |
| Dystocia | 3 |
| Increasing irritability | 3 |
| Hydramnios | 3 |
| Vomiting | 3 |
| Eye signsd | 3 |
| Facial palsy | 3 |
| Hemiparesis | 3 |
| Hypotonia | 2 |
| Breech presentation | 2 |
| Location | |
| Cerebral hemisphere, NOSe | 34 |
| Thalamus | 3 |
| Cerebellum and cerebellar-pontine angle | 2 |
| Cerebellum and basal ganglia | 2 |
| Midline suprasellar | 1 |
| Hypothalamus | 1 |
| Midline replacing most of brain | 1 |
| Cerebral hemisphere replaced by tumor | 1 |
| Tumor filled intracranial cavity replacing brain | 1 |
| Septum pellucidum and adjacent ventricle | 1 |
| Tumor characteristics | |
| Brain weight (g) | 597, range 250–850 |
| Tumor weight (g) | 20, 5.8f |
| Tumor greatest dimension (cm) | 9.6, range 5–11 |
| Treatment | |
| Patients treated | 16 (35.6) |
| Patients not treated | 29 (64.4) |
| Survival with surgical resection alone | 2/6 |
| Survival with SR + CTc | 4/4 |
| Survival with SR + XRT | 2/2 |
| Survival with SR + CT + embolization | 1/1 |
| Survival with SR + CT + XRT | 0/2 |
| Survival with CT | 0/1 |
| Outcome | |
| Fetal survival | 2/31 (6.0) |
| Neonatal survival | 7/14 (50) |
| Patients treated survived | 9/16 (56) |
| Patients not treated survived | 0/29 |
| Overall survival | 9/45 = 20 % |
Cases selected from the literature
CT chemotherapy, NOS not otherwise specified, SR surgical resection, XRT radiation therapy
aSex not stated in seven patients
bTumor discovered prenatally or on the first day of life
cTumor discovered within the first 2 months of life
dEye signs: setting sun, doll’s eyes, nystagmus
eCerebral hemisphere locations: parietal 3, frontal 2, and one each: parietal-occipital, frontal-parietal
fTumor weights were given only in two patients
gTwo of nine survivors were alive with disease