Table 3.

Monitoring of immunomodulation in preclinical in vivo studies.

Authors	IL-6	TGF-β1	IL-10	TNF-α	IFN-γ	T regs
Bartholomew et al. (2002) [23]	—	—	—	—	—	—
Aksu et al. (2008) [24]	—	—	—	—	—	—
Sbano et al. (2008) [25]	—	Skin mRNA  MSC only: ND  MSC + CsA: P < 0.01	Skin mRNA  MSC only: ND  MSC + CsA: ND	Skin mRNA  MSC only: ND  MSC + CsA:   P < 0.03	Skin mRNA  MSC only:   P < 0.01  MSC + CsA: ND	—
Pan et al. (2010) [26]	—	—	—	—	—	—
Kuo et al. (2009) [27]	—	—	—	—	—	Circulation and skin   MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05  MSC only: ND
Kuo et al. (2011) [28]	—	—	—	—	—	Circulation and skin  MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05  MSC only: ND
Kuo et al. (2011) [29]	—	Circulation   MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05	Circulation  MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05	—	—	Circulation and skin   MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05
Kuo et al. (2012) [30]	Skin: ↓  P < 0.05	Skin  MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05  MSC only: ↑  P < 0.05  Circulation: ND	Circulation   MSC + CsA: ↑  P < 0.05  MSC only: ↑  P < 0.05	Circulation   MSC + CsA: ↓   P < 0.05  MSC only: ↓   P < 0.05	Circulation: ND	Circulation and skin   MSC + CsA: ↑   P < 0.02  MSC only: ND
Larocca et al. (2013) [31]	Lymph node: ↑  P < 0.05   Skin: ND	Lymph node: ND  Skin: ND	Lymph node: ↑  P < 0.05   Skin: ND	—	Lymph node: ↑   P < 0.05   Skin: ND	Lymph node: ↑   P < 0.05   Skin: ND
Lee et al. (2014) [32]	Circulation   ASC: ↓  P < 0.05  CM: ↓  P < 0.05	—	Skin mRNA  ASC: ND   CM: ↓  P < 0.05	Skin mRNA  ASC: ND   CM: ↓  P < 0.05	Skin mRNA  ASC: ND  CM: ↓  P < 0.05	—
Jeong et al. (2014) [33]	—	—	—	—	—	Skin and muscle: ↑   P < 0.05
Cheng et al. (2014) [34]	—	—	—	—	—	Circulation   VCA tolerant: ↑   P < 0.05  VCA intolerant: ND
Ramirez et al. (2014) [35]	—	—	—			Circulation   VCA tolerant: ↑  P < 0.05  VCA intolerant:   ND
Davis et al. (2014) [37]	—	—	—	—	—	Circulation and splenocytes: ↑  P < 0.05
Plock et al. (2015) [36]	—	—	—	—	—	Circulation  ASC: ↑   P < 0.01  BMSC: ND

ND: not different statistically; ↑: increased; ↓: decrease.